动力学熵是一种诺特定荷
Dynamical Entropy Is a Noether Charge
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究黑洞热力学在一般动力学、非平衡态的挑战，通过确立动力学熵为诺特定荷，指定对称生成元，证明诺特定荷密度满足热力学第二定律，扩展推广了动力学熵概念，使其适用于一般动力学引力系统。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
黑洞热力学对于一般的动力学、非平衡态仍然是一个基本挑战。我们将动力学熵确立为与服从狄利克雷边界条件的一般演化零曲面相关的诺特定荷。通过要求产生“动力学第零定律”概念的物理动机几何条件，我们唯一地指定了与动力学熵相关的对称生成元，它是零曲面上的零向量。我们证明这个诺特定荷密度在每个时刻都严格满足热力学第二定律，绕过了传统上事件视界所需的目的论最终条件。因此，我们以一些不同的方式扩展和推广了文献[Hollands:2024vbe]中引入的动力学熵的概念：我们不施加背景平稳性；我们的动力学熵和相关的第二定律在时间上是局部的，并且适用于一般的动力学引力系统。
英文摘要
Black hole thermodynamics for generic dynamical, non-equilibrium regimes remains a fundamental challenge. We establish dynamical entropy as the Noether charge associated with a generic evolving null surface subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions. We specify the symmetry generator associated with the dynamical entropy, which is a null vector on the null surface, upon requiring physically motivated geometric conditions that yield a notion of ``dynamical zeroth law.'' We prove that this Noether charge density satisfies the second law of thermodynamics strictly at each instant in time, bypassing the teleological final conditions traditionally required by event horizons. Thus, we extend and generalize the notion of dynamical entropy introduced in \cite{Hollands:2024vbe}, in some different ways: We do not impose background stationarity; our dynamical entropy and the associated second law are local in time and work for generic dynamical gravitational systems.
