在量子计算机上对纠缠分布网络进行仿真
Emulation of Entanglement Distribution Networks on a Quantum Computer
AI总结：
研究如何用量子计算机仿真量子网络及性能，通过特定模型模拟纠缠退化和通信延迟，采用多种方法实现去极化并在硬件和仿真中评估，发现硬件约束使结果有显著差异，强调实验设计要精心。
AI中文摘要：
我们研究了如何利用量子计算机来仿真量子网络，并研究它们在实际损伤下的性能。特别地，我们评估了纠缠退化和通信延迟如何影响基于隐形传态的分布式多体纠缠态构建。我们使用去极化噪声通道对不完善的贝尔对源进行建模，并使用热弛豫对经典通信延迟进行建模。我们通过斯廷斯普林扩张、随机应用的泡利误差和准概率分解来实现去极化，并在IQM量子硬件上评估后两者，在仿真中评估所有三者。然后，我们研究了上述模型产生的噪声下纠缠分布的性能。尽管这些噪声模型在数学上是等效的，但我们发现硬件约束导致相应结果存在显著差异，突出了精心设计实验的重要性。
英文摘要：
We investigate how quantum computers can be used to emulate quantum networks and study their performance under practical impairments. In particular, we evaluate how degraded entanglement and communication latency affect teleportation-based distributed multipartite-entanglement-state construction. We model imperfect Bell-pair sources using depolarizing noise channels and classical communication delays using thermal relaxation. We implement the depolarization using Stinespring dilation, randomly applied Pauli errors, and quasi-probability decompositions, evaluating the latter two on IQM quantum hardware and all three in simulation. We then study the performance of the entanglement distribution under noise generated by the aforementioned models. Although these noise models are mathematically equivalent, we find that hardware constraints result in profound differences in the corresponding results, highlighting the importance of careful experiment design.
