AI 中文总结
该研究利用HII星系绘制宇宙膨胀图，样本涵盖多类对象，经同质化处理后，用对数正态放大形式模拟透镜效应，通过嵌套采样分析推断宇宙学参数，结果显示HII星系可独立追踪宇宙膨胀历史，为测试ΛCDM和暗能量演化提供新途径。
AI 中文摘要
我们展示了一个跨越红移区间z~0到z~14的巨型河外H II区和H II星系的更新哈勃图，将L(Hβ)-σ关系作为独立宇宙学探测器的应用扩展到宇宙黎明时期。样本包含243个对象，包括有主要距离测量的本地锚定系统等。我们对整个样本测量进行同质化处理，应用一致校正。用对数正态放大形式模拟高红移透镜效应，通过嵌套采样分析推断宇宙学参数。L-σ关系在整个红移范围内保持一致。在平坦ΛCDM模型下得到了相关宇宙学参数，结果表明H II星系为测试ΛCDM和暗能量演化开辟了新途径。
英文摘要
We present an updated Hubble diagram of giant extragalactic H II regions and H II galaxies spanning the redshift interval $z\sim 0$ to $z\sim 14$, extending the use of the $L(\mathrm{H}β)-σ$ relation as an independent cosmological probe into the epoch of cosmic dawn. Our sample comprises 243 objects, including local anchor systems with primary distance measurements, previously published low- and intermediate-redshift H II galaxies, recent JWST/NIRSpec observations, and a new subsample of extremely high-redshift H II galaxies observed with JWST and with ALMA+JWST for the highest-redshift cases. We homogenise the measurements across the full sample, applying consistent corrections for instrumental and thermal broadening, extinction, and, where required, the transformation from [O III]-based to Balmer-line velocity dispersions. We model lensing effects of high redshift using a log-normal magnification formalism and infer cosmological parameters via a nested-sampling analysis. The $L-σ$ relation remains consistent over the full redshift range, showing no evidence for significant evolution even at the highest redshifts currently accessible. For the joint anchor+H II galaxies sample, under a flat $Λ$CDM model, we obtain $h=0.725\pm0.040$ and $Ω_m=0.308^{+0.043}_{-0.053}$. Allowing a constant dark-energy equation of state yields $w_0=-0.96^{+0.53}_{-0.21}$, while a CPL parametrisation gives $w_0=-0.92^{+0.57}_{-0.34}$ and $w_a=-0.48^{+0.60}_{-1.50}$, all consistent, within the uncertainties, with concordance cosmology. These results demonstrate that H II galaxies offer a viable, fully independent tracer of the expansion history across almost the entire age of the Universe, opening a new avenue for testing $Λ$CDM and dark-energy evolution well beyond reionisation.
Comments11 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to MNRAS. Comments are welcome
