AI 中文总结
研究利用哈勃和韦布望远镜发现的超放大恒星，其微引力透镜事件对暗物质小尺度结构敏感，通过光度监测和临边昏暗效应可分辨恒星圆盘，宜居世界天文台能探测此类事件，为暗物质本质研究提供独特探针。
AI 中文摘要
由哈勃空间望远镜（HST）和詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜（JWST）在星系引力透镜团中发现的超放大恒星，是位于引力透镜焦散附近源星系中的发光恒星，被大幅放大（约1000倍），在宇宙学距离上可被探测到。透镜中的星系团内恒星将大尺度焦散转变为微焦散的波纹网络，导致超放大恒星频繁发生微引力透镜事件。这些微焦散穿越的频率和光变曲线对引力透镜团中任何小尺度、低振幅的表面密度波动极为敏感，使其成为探测暗物质微晕或任何小尺度不规则性的独特探针。此外，利用临边昏暗效应，通过对微焦散穿越事件的光度监测，可以分辨出超放大恒星的圆盘（在宇宙学距离上！）。展示了拟合凯利等人（2018年）对发现的第一颗超放大恒星观测结果的模型光变曲线示例。宜居世界天文台独特的灵敏度和角分辨率能够对超放大恒星的微引力透镜事件进行光度测量，这些事件对不同于星系团内恒星的小尺度结构敏感，是目前其他观测无法触及的暗物质本质的探针。
英文摘要
Supermagnified stars, discovered by HST and JWST in lensing clusters of galaxies, are luminous stars in source galaxies lying near lensing caustics that are magnified by large factors ($\sim 1000$), making them detectable at cosmological distances. Intracluster stars in the lens modify the large-scale caustic into a corrugated network of micro-caustics, causing frequent microlensing events of the supermagnified stars. The frequency and lightcurves of these micro-caustic crossings are extremely sensitive to any small-scale, low amplitude surface density fluctations in the lensing cluster, making them a unique probe to dark matter minihalos or any small-scale irregularities. Furthermore, the disks of supermagnified stars can be resolved (at cosmological distances!) from photometric monitoring of micro-caustic crossing events, exploiting the limb darkening effect. Examples are shown of model lightcurves to fit the Kelly et al. (2018) observations of the first supermagnified star discovered. The unique sensitivity and angular resolution of the Habitable Worlds Observatory enables photometry of microlensing events of supermagnified stars sensitive to small-scale structure different from intracluster stars, a probe to the nature of dark matter that is not accessible to other observations at present.
CommentsHWO Proceedings Part II: Mission Framework, Technology, and Broader Contributions
Journal refASP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 543. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 2026, p. 73
