AI 中文总结
研究黑洞图像差异成因，用DARK-HIDE对比暗物质与隐藏维度分支相关指标，发现强负潮汐电荷易区分，困难情况在特定条件下出现，当前EHT阴影大小约束无法打破简并，局部光子传输保留强场信息。
AI 中文摘要
黑洞附近的暗物质和有效的额外维度修正会改变相同的视界尺度可观测量。这引发一个简单但重要的问题：若图像与克尔图像不同，差异的成因是什么？我们用DARK-HIDE研究此问题。暗物质分支由带径向质量函数的旋转度规描述，隐藏维度分支是带非电磁潮汐电荷的旋转膜世界度规。我们比较了光子区域、临界曲线、可控图像形态、根据EHT结果校准的阴影大小似然度以及局部零角动量观测者逃逸锥。强负潮汐电荷易于与克尔以及两个基准暗物质轮廓区分。困难情况出现在连续调整潮汐电荷以模拟暗物质临界曲线和图像代理之后。在\(\varepsilon/M = 0.025\)时，对于埃纳斯托分布，最佳的\(P + I\)模拟出现在\(q/M^2 = -0.01917\)，对于有核cNFW分布出现在\(-0.01117\)，标准化分离小至\(0.084\)和\(0.051\)。光线束焦散测试未通过所需的收敛和拓扑检查，因此被排除在推断之外。在对自旋和各向同性倾角进行边缘化后，当前EHT阴影大小约束使得暗物质振幅先验占主导。它们轻微抑制大的负潮汐电荷，但仍与\(q = 0\)完全兼容。局部逃逸锥在匹配分支之间保留了小的、平滑的且分辨率良好的差异。因此，仅当前的阴影大小无法打破DARK-HIDE简并，而局部光子传输保留了额外的强场信息。
英文摘要
Horizon scale interferometry can test a black hole spacetime only when the data, source model, and numerical response are reliable. We study this requirement with the public 2017 M87* closure data, a frozen semi analytic emission model, explicit dark matter controls, and a rotating tidal charge deformation. We normalize NFW and Einasto halos, an adiabatic spike, a capture suppressed spike, and a heated crest for M87*. Even the intentionally optimistic rendered case, $M_{\rm DM}(<10M)/M_{\rm BH}=7.33\times10^{-5}$, changes the normalized image and visibility by only about $2.65\times10^{-6}$ and $4.9\times10^{-7}$. We then build an independent closure phase and log closure amplitude likelihood with covariance and three fixed high/low band correlation cases. Synthetic Kerr tests recover the expected statistic, coverage, and false positive rate. The real data give $χ^2/N=1.7583$, $1.7206$, and $1.6873$, above the global adequacy limit of $1.5$; the worst band gives $2.0216$. Removing the most influential scan still leaves $χ^2/N=1.6472$. If tidal charge is allowed anyway, the residual projects strongly onto it, but the preferred direction changes sign between image resolutions. Direct libraries at $N=192$, 224, and 256 also fail the differential response convergence tests. At a smoothing width of $0.5M$, the Kerr image changes by about $0.45\%$ between $N=192$ and 224, while the tidal charge response changes by about $49\%$. We therefore report no posterior or bound. Spacetime inference should remain closed until the adopted data and covariance are validated, the undeformed source passes an absolute adequacy test, and the differential metric response converges independently of the image.
Comments19 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
