AI 中文总结
研究LHAASO J0341+5258中多TeV伽马射线起源，用GAMERA等在两个框架建模，探索相关参数空间，表明其能拟合数据，GeV发射或源自SNR本身，TeV发射可解释为逃逸粒子照亮分子云，能自洽解释伽马射线光谱。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了大型高海拔空气簇射观测站（LHAASO）探测到的来自源LHAASO J0341+5258的超高能伽马射线发射的起源，该源在探测器视场内尚未与任何已知天体物理对象相关联。观测到的超高能发射在两个独立框架内建模：首先是使用数值包GAMERA实现的与时间相关、与源无关的强子情景，粒子在星际介质中传播，随后与该区域观测到的分子气体相互作用，最后是对来自超新星遗迹（SNR）的加速宇宙射线群体与其周围分子气体之间相互作用的解析描述。利用观测到的TeV伽马射线探索了假设的过去SNR的相关参数空间。我们表明，对于物理上合理的源-云分离和传播时间尺度，GAMERA提供了由粒子输运引起的光谱修改的一阶近似，并对超高能伽马射线数据提供了充分拟合。在我们的解析方法框架内，我们证明观测到的GeV发射可能源自SNR本身，而LHAASO探测到的TeV发射可以一致地解释为源自从SNR逃逸并照亮附近分子云的粒子。我们引入了一个时空演化的SNR-分子云相互作用情景，以自洽地解释从GeV到TeV能量的整个伽马射线光谱。尽管关于加速源的性质仍存在不确定性，但我们得出结论，LHAASO探测到的TeV发射可以在照射情景的框架内得到一致解释。
英文摘要
We investigate the origin of the ultra-high-energy $γ$-ray emission detected by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) from the source LHAASO J0341+5258, which has not yet been associated with any known astrophysical object within the detector's field of view. The observed UHE emission is modelled within two independent frameworks: initially with a time-dependent, source-independent hadronic scenario implemented with the numerical package GAMERA, where particles propagate through the interstellar medium and subsequently interact with the molecular gas observed in the region and finally with an analytical description of the interaction between the accelerated cosmic-ray population from a supernova remnant (SNR) and the molecular gas around it. The relevant parameter space for the hypothetical past SNR is explored using the observed TeV $γ$-rays. We show that, for physically plausible source-cloud separations and propagation timescales, GAMERA provides a first-order approximation to the spectral modifications induced by particle transport and yields an adequate fit to the ultra-high-energy $γ$-ray data. Within the framework of our analytical approach, we demonstrated that the observed GeV emission can plausibly originate from the SNR itself, while the TeV emission detected by LHAASO can be consistently interpreted as arising from particles that have escaped from the SNR and are illuminating nearby molecular clouds. We invoke a spatio-temporally evolved SNR-molecular cloud interaction scenario to account self-consistently for the entire $γ$-ray spectrum from GeV to TeV energies. Despite the remaining uncertainty regarding the nature of the acceleration source, we conclude that the TeV emission detected by LHAASO can be consistently interpreted within the framework of an illumination scenario.
Comments13 pages, 10 figures
