AI 中文总结
研究在二维金属NbSe₂中，利用应变通过范德华相互作用稳定应变网络，操控电荷密度波态，实现了从3×3 CDW超晶格到4×1、2×2序的转变，增强了4×1 CDW热稳定性并产生可被电压脉冲熔化的手性螺旋纹理。
AI 中文摘要
近简并电荷密度波（CDW）态在集体现象竞争中起核心作用。但在实际材料中，这些态常因无序而相互交织，妨碍其解缠与控制。本文表明应变可消除NbSe₂中的近简并并在空间上分离不同CDW态。利用范德华相互作用稳定微米级应变网络以产生空间不均匀应变场。在该环境下，原始NbSe₂的本征3×3 CDW超晶格在一维受限压缩下转变为孤立单向4×1序，在双轴拉伸下转变为2×2序。4×1 CDW具有多带起源且热稳定性显著增强，并持续到70K。在应变网络节点处，它进一步发展为手性螺旋纹理，可被电压脉冲熔化。这些结果表明应变是解开、稳定和操控竞争电子序的有力方法。
英文摘要
Nearly degenerate charge-density-wave (CDW) states play a central role in the competition among collective phenomena. In real materials, however, these states are often intertwined by disorder, hindering their disentanglement and control. Here we show that strain can lift this near-degeneracy and spatially separate distinct CDW states in NbSe2. Using van der Waals (vdW) interactions, we stabilize a micron-scale strain network that produces spatially inhomogeneous strain fields. Within this landscape, the intrinsic 3 * 3 CDW superlattice of pristine NbSe2 transforms into an isolated unidirectional 4 * 1 order under 1D-confined compression, and into a 2 * 2 order under biaxial tension. The 4 * 1 CDW has a multiband origin and exhibits markedly enhanced thermal stability, persisting up to 70 K. At strain-network nodes, it further develops into chiral spiral textures, which can be melted by voltage pulses. These results establish strain as a powerful approach to disentangle, stabilize and manipulate competing electronic orders.
