从可见性到脆弱性：女科学家如何在科学传播中面对性别敌意
From visibility to vulnerability: how women scientists face gendered hostility in science communication
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究女科学家在科学传播中面对的性别敌意，通过对西班牙237名研究人员调查发现，超半数有负面经历，女性发生率更高，攻击存在性别差异，揭示了结构性性别偏见，强调需有性别视角的制度政策。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
科学的公众传播已成为科学与社会关系的核心组成部分。然而，研究人员在媒体上的曝光引发了新形式的敌意，尤其是在数字环境中。西班牙的研究《与媒体和社交网络互动的研究人员的经历》（2024年）通过一项调查（N = 237），研究了西班牙背景下这些攻击的发生率和类型。超过一半的研究人员（51.05%）报告经历过负面事件，女性（56.9%）比男性（46.2%）的发生率更高。攻击存在性别差异：女性在科学能力和性别歧视言论方面面临更多挑战，而男性在职业操守方面更频繁地成为目标。这些动态揭示了影响女科学家福祉和合法性的结构性性别偏见，强调了具有性别视角的制度政策的必要性。
英文摘要
Public communication of science has become a central component in the relationship between science and society. However, the media exposure of research staff has given rise to new forms of hostility, especially in digital environments. The study Experiences of researchers who interact with the media and social networks in Spain [Science Media Centre Spain, 2024] investigates - via a survey (N=237) - the incidence and typology of these attacks in the Spanish context. More than half of the research staff (51.05%) reported experiencing negative incidents, with a higher prevalence among women (56.9%) than men (46.2%). The attacks differ by gender: women face more challenges regarding their scientific capacity and sexist remarks, whereas men are more frequently targeted over their professional integrity. These dynamics reveal structural gender biases that affect the wellbeing and legitimacy of female scientists, emphasising the need for institutional policies with a gender perspective.
