AI 中文总结
研究AGN喷流速度、方向和延迟流体动力学耦合变化对星系团周围气体热力学状态的影响，通过放大流体动力学模拟及多种算法，发现喷流速度是关键参数，热气体是敏感探测器，高分辨率tSZ调查等有望区分反馈模型。
AI 中文摘要
活动星系核（AGN）通过黑洞驱动的喷流和风流进行的反馈在跨越百万秒差距尺度的物质重新分布中起关键作用。然而，在宇宙学模拟中喷流反馈的实施仍然具有很强的规定性，导致对热-热星系际介质和其他河外可观测物的预测状态存在不确定性。我们研究了AGN喷流速度、方向和延迟流体动力学耦合的变化如何影响星系团周围气体的热力学状态。我们旨在识别热苏尼亚耶夫-泽尔多维奇（tSZ）效应和星系属性中的观测特征，以约束这些模型。我们利用SIMBA-C模型和各种反馈参数，对来自“三百星系团”的三个星系团进行了放大流体动力学模拟。我们使用丝状结构寻找算法和定向堆叠来探测对大尺度结构的影响，并将我们的结果与eRASS1中最亮星系团星系的观测数据、黑洞-晕质量关系和重子质量分数进行比较。喷流速度是在红移大于1时加热低密度环境的主要测试参数。在较低红移时，较高速度的喷流会抑制恒星形成，排出重子物质，并阻止黑洞增长。虽然中心星系团和周围丝状结构内的tSZ信号仅受到约10%的影响，但丝状结构外低密度区域的信号增强了约100%。在这个案例研究中，高速AGN喷流与eRASS1和其他X射线调查中的星系属性最匹配。我们发现低密度区域的热气体是AGN反馈的敏感探测器。未来像西蒙斯天文台这样的高分辨率tSZ调查和像FOSSIL这样的光谱畸变实验有可能探测星系团外气体的热状态，以区分这些反馈模型。
英文摘要
Active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback via black hole-driven jets and winds plays a key role in redistributing matter across megaparsec scales. However, the implementation of jet feedback in cosmological simulations remains highly prescriptive, leading to uncertainties in the predicted state of the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium and other extragalactic observables. We investigate how variations in AGN jet velocity, orientation, and delayed hydrodynamic coupling impact the thermodynamic state of gas surrounding galaxy clusters. We aim to identify observational signatures in the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect and galaxy properties that can constrain these models. We employ zoom-in hydrodynamic simulations centered on three galaxy clusters from The Three Hundred, utilizing the SIMBA-C model and various feedback parameters. We use filament-finding algorithms and oriented stacking to probe the effect on large-scale structure and compare our results to observational data for brightest cluster galaxies from eRASS1, black hole-halo mass relations and baryonic mass fractions. Jet velocity is the dominant tested parameter in heating low-density environments at $z > 1$. At lower-$z$, higher velocity jets quench star formation, expel baryonic matter, and prevent black hole growth. While the tSZ signal within the central cluster and surrounding filaments is only affected by $\sim10\%$, the signal in under-dense regions outside filaments is enhanced by $\sim100\%$. In this case study, high velocity AGN jets provide the best match to galaxy properties from eRASS1 and other X-ray surveys. We find that hot gas in low-density regimes is a sensitive probe of AGN feedback. Future high-resolution tSZ surveys like the Simons Observatory and spectral-distortion experiments like FOSSIL have the potential to probe the thermal state of the gas outside clusters to distinguish between these feedback models.
Comments17 pages, 11 figures, to be submitted to A&A. Comments welcome
