发表机构
Ond Holdings Inc.（奥恩德控股公司）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
探讨人工智能系统嵌入组织流程后最终权威归属，比较前沿提供者主权与以行动为中心的部署者主权两种模式，通过多种分析发现支持分布式运营问责制，强调可移植治理层价值，得出分层结论。
AI 中文摘要
本文探讨了将有能力的人工智能系统嵌入组织工作流程后，最终权威应归属何处。比较了两种治理模式：前沿提供者主权，赋予最强大模型的提供者特权权威；以行动为中心的部署者主权，将对高影响行动的最终权威赋予授权该行动、将其嵌入业务流程并承担下游法律、运营和商业后果的组织。通过对公共治理框架的比较阅读以及对运行时异质性和企业控制要求的基于实施的分析，发现对分布式运营问责制的支持比对单边前沿提供者控制的支持更强。还认为快速的企业采用、提供者透明度下降和控制差距扩大增加了以受治理行动而非提供者原生会话对象为中心的可移植治理层的价值。结论是分层的而非绝对的：前沿能力把关仍需强大的上游权威，但对具体企业行动的最终权威最好归部署者和后果承担者。
英文摘要
This paper examines where final authority should sit once capable AI systems are embedded in organizational workflows. It compares two governance models. The first, frontier-provider sovereignty, assigns privileged authority to the provider of the most capable models and is reflected in contemporary arguments for frontier-model testing, release gating, transparency duties, and compute-related controls. The second, action-centered deployer sovereignty, places final authority over high-impact actions with the organization that authorizes the action, embeds it in a business process, and bears the downstream legal, operational, and commercial consequences. The paper combines comparative reading of public governance frameworks with implementation-informed analysis of runtime heterogeneity and enterprise control requirements. It compares EU AI Act guidance, the NIST AI Risk Management Framework, Singapore's Model AI Governance Framework for Agentic AI, recent Japanese AI policy instruments, and Canada's voluntary code and managerial guidance. Across these materials, the paper finds stronger support for distributed operational accountability than for unilateral frontier-provider control. It further argues that rapid enterprise adoption, declining provider transparency, and widening control gaps increase the value of a portable governance layer centered on governed action rather than on provider-native session objects. The conclusion is layered rather than absolutist: strong upstream authority remains justified for frontier capability gating, but final authority over concrete enterprise action is better located with the deployer and consequence-bearer.
Comments23 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables
