概述：利用平方公里阵列天文台进行宇宙学研究
Overview: Cosmology with the SKAO
AI总结：
介绍利用SKAO开展宇宙学研究，其能与其他波长协同改变射电波段宇宙学研究能力。通过不同巡天数据组合校准系统误差，结合多种探测器精确测试ΛCDM模型，还能测量宇宙膨胀历史等，概述了前期巡天成果及向SKA宇宙学的进展。
AI中文摘要：
平方公里阵列（SKA）望远镜将凭借自身数据以及与其他波长协同观测，彻底改变我们在射电波段开展宇宙学研究的能力。SKAO 将成为首个能够像过去几十年在光学和近红外波段那样进行大规模宇宙学巡天的仪器。随着宇宙学遭遇系统误差极限，这种互补性至关重要。射电宇宙学巡天的系统误差截然不同，不同巡天数据组合可校准系统误差并增强整体约束能力。中性氢（HI）强度映射巡天正走向成熟，如MeerKLASS与MeerKAT合作的进展所示。与连续谱星系巡天一起，它们将提供覆盖大片天空的宇宙详细地图，有助于解答只能在最大尺度测量的基础物理问题。结合弱引力透镜和 HI 星系探测器，HI 强度图还将测量物质和速度分布，对ΛCDM 模型进行精确测试。结合引力波观测和快速射电暴，它们还将助力测量宇宙的膨胀历史和重子含量。本文概述了前期巡天的成果以及迈向 SKA 宇宙学的进展，从 AA*开始，到 AA4 望远镜实现完全成熟。
英文摘要：
The SKA telescopes will revolutionise our ability to do cosmology at radio wavelengths, via both their own data and in synergy with other wavelengths. SKAO will be the first instrument able to conduct large-scale cosmological surveys as done in the last decades in the optical and near-infrared. This complementarity will be vital as cosmology hits the limit of systematic uncertainties. Radio cosmology surveys will have radically different systematics, allowing data combinations across surveys to calibrate systematics and increase overall constraining power. Neutral hydrogen (HI) intensity mapping surveys are now reaching maturity, as demonstrated by the progress made by the MeerKLASS survey with MeerKAT. Along with continuum galaxy surveys, they will provide detailed maps of the Universe covering large fractions of the sky, allowing us to answer questions about fundamental physics which can only be measured on the largest scales. In combination with weak lensing and HI galaxy probes, HI intensity maps will also measure the distributions of matter and velocities to give precisions tests of the $Λ$CDM model, including its foundational assumptions of isotropy and homogeneity. In combination with gravitational wave observations and fast radio bursts, they will also help us measure the expansion history and baryon content of the Universe. Here we provide an overview of the achievements of precursor surveys and the progress towards SKA cosmology, starting with AA* and reaching full maturity with AA4 telescopes.
