AI 中文总结
研究提出通用理论框架，用于由动态外部驱动触发的电流整流，该驱动耦合到周期系统算子。此整流过程有两个来源，将该理论应用于弯曲磁系统，可将产生的电流表征为非线性磁电回旋效应，能探测非共面反铁磁体中的奈尔序。
AI 中文摘要
整流是一种将交变驱动转换为直流的基本非线性输运过程。本文中，我们为受动态外部驱动触发的电流整流提出了一个通用理论框架，该驱动耦合到周期系统的任意明确算子，且在静态极限下禁止任何稳定电流。在动态 regime 中，时变驱动的有限频率 $\Omega$ 打破时间平移不变性并向系统注入能量，从而产生没有静态对应物的二阶非线性整流电流。这种整流过程有两个不同来源：（i）有限频率下杂质散射修正的分布函数，以及（ii）源于动态混合 Berry 曲率的时域反常速度。当驱动频率远低于光学跃迁间隙时，这两种贡献仍然存在。将我们的通用理论应用于受面外振荡电场作用的弯曲磁系统，我们将产生的电流表征为非线性磁电回旋效应，并预测感应整流电流对磁序敏感，从而为非共面反铁磁体中的奈尔序提供了一种可行的电探针。
英文摘要
Rectification is a fundamental nonlinear transport process that converts an alternating drive into a direct current. In this work, we propose a general theoretical framework for electric current rectification triggered by a dynamical external drive that couples to an arbitrary well-defined operator of a periodic system, and which in the static limit forbids any steady current. In the dynamical regime, the finite frequency $Ω$ of the time-varying drive breaks time-translation invariance and injects energy into the system, enabling a second-order {\it nonlinear rectified} current that has no static counterpart. This rectification process has two distinct origins: (i) an impurity-scattering-modified distribution function at finite frequency, and (ii) a time-domain anomalous velocity stemming from a dynamical mixed Berry curvature. Both contributions persist when the driving frequency lies well below the optical transition gap. Applying our general theory to a buckled magnetic system subject to an out-of-plane oscillating electric field, we characterize the generated current as a {\it nonlinear magnetoelectric gyrotropic effect} and predict that the induced rectified current is sensitive to the magnetic order, thereby offering a feasible electrical probe of Néel order in non-coplanar antiferromagnets.
Comments7 pages, 3 figures
