AI 中文总结
COSMOCal项目旨在应对CMB偏振测量中校准系统误差的挑战，通过在地球静止卫星部署人工校准源，介绍项目现状、发展时间表及要求，研究系统误差与成分分离相互作用对原始信号恢复和前景清理算法性能的影响。
AI 中文摘要
宇宙微波背景（CMB）偏振测量正将仪器灵敏度提升到校准系统误差成为主要限制的水平。宇宙学与银河系发射之间的大动态范围使未来实验无法仅依赖漫射天空测量或标准天体校准源。为应对这一挑战，COSMOCal项目提议在地球静止卫星上部署一个作为客座有效载荷的人工校准源，计划于2030年由欧洲通信卫星集团发射。该源将为多个地面观测站提供稳定且特征明确的偏振微波信号。本文介绍了项目现状、更新的发展时间表以及与计划使用此校准源的观测站共同确定的细化科学和技术要求。此外，研究了在存在复杂星际尘埃发射模型时仪器系统误差与成分分离之间的相互作用。讨论了这如何影响原始信号的恢复，以及残余校准误差是否会降低前景清理算法的性能。
英文摘要
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization measurements are pushing instrumental sensitivities to levels where calibration systematics become a dominant limitation. The large dynamic range between cosmological and Galactic emission prevents future experiments from relying only on diffuse sky measurements or standard celestial calibrators. To address this challenge, the COSmological Microwave Observations Calibrator (COSMOCal) project proposes an artificial calibration source deployed as a guest payload on a geostationary satellite, scheduled for launch by the Eutelsat group by 2030. This source will provide stable, well-characterized polarized microwave signals accessible to multiple ground-based observatories. In this work, we present the status of the project, the updated development timeline, and the refined scientific and technical requirements, defined with the observatories that plan to use this calibration source. Furthermore, we investigate the interplay between instrumental systematics and component separation in the presence of complex models of interstellar dust emission. We discuss in this paper how this can impact the recovery of the primordial signal, and whether residual calibration errors can degrade the performance of foreground cleaning algorithms.
CommentsSubmitted to Proceedings of SPIE, Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2026. 12 pages, 3 figures
