AI 中文总结
研究将购物者建模为有限信息通道，其选择是概率分布。核心方法是分析购物者需求对价格变化的反应模式，主要贡献是揭示其反应模式的对称性及需求受预算和压缩影响，而非理性，还涵盖了有限容量策略的人工主体并给出两商品二次型消费者的封闭形式解。
AI 中文摘要
标准经济学假设消费者是完美的计算者，总能购买其能负担得起的最优商品组合。本文将购物者建模为有限信息通道：它将其世界压缩到其注意力所能提供的细节，因此其选择是一个概率分布，而非单个商品组合。当注意力无限时，教科书式的消费者模型得以恢复；而在零注意力端，购物者则完全依赖纯粹的习惯。核心结果是关于这种购物者的需求如何对价格变化做出反应。这种反应模式只是购物者自身选择变化和协同方式的重新缩放，因此是对称的。并且，只要预算真正起约束作用，由于购物者想要的多于其能负担的，在购买力固定时提高一种商品自身的价格会降低对它的需求。所以这种向下的拉动来自预算和压缩，而非理性。该框架还涵盖了运行有限容量策略的人工主体。一个两商品二次型消费者的所有数量都以封闭形式给出。
英文摘要
Standard economics assumes the consumer as a flawless calculator who always buys the best basket it can afford. This paper models the shopper instead as a limited information channel: it compresses its world to the detail its attention affords, so its choice is a probability distribution, not a single basket. The textbook consumer returns exactly as the unlimited-attention limit, while at the zero-attention end the shopper falls back on pure habit. The central result is about how this shopper's demand responds to price changes. That pattern of responses is just a rescaling of how the shopper's own choices vary and move together, so it comes out symmetric. And provided the budget really binds, because the shopper wants more than it can afford, raising a good's own price lowers demand for it once buying power is held fixed. So the downward pull comes from the budget and from compression, not from rationality. The framework also covers an artificial agent running a limited-capacity policy. A worked two-good quadratic consumer carries every quantity in closed form.
Comments27 pages, Keywords: bounded rationality, rational inattention, rate distortion, discrete choice, demand theory, Slutsky equation, information theory
