AI 中文总结
研究通过全路径非线性建模量化微波功率传输与电离层等离子体环境双向作用，利用特定输入重建路径，用浅神经网络替代隐式电子能量平衡，得出不同频率波束的沉积功率等数据，指出电离层对功率预算透明但影响波束相位。
AI 中文摘要
空间太阳能电站（SSPS）概念依赖千兆瓦级微波束通过电离层传输轨道太阳能，在此处束与等离子体形成耦合非线性系统。本文首次通过全路径非线性建模量化微波功率传输与电离层等离子体环境间的双向相互作用。利用国际参考电离层（IRI）电子密度和NRLMSISE - 00中性大气输入，用34个级联二维轴对称有限元全波段重建400千米至60千米高度的340千米路径。用浅神经网络（SNN）替代隐式电子能量平衡。对于2.45吉赫兹和5.8吉赫兹的1吉瓦波束，体积积分欧姆沉积分别为29.4千瓦和5.11千瓦，分数损耗为10的 - 5次方量级。沉积集中在95千米高度附近，电子温度扰动在F区最大。电离层对SSPS功率预算有效透明，但对波束相位不然，局部加热和折射扰动会累积与相控阵波束控制、整流天线相位补偿和环境评估相关的相位前沿畸变。
英文摘要
Space Solar Power Station (SSPS) concepts rely on gigawatt-class microwave beams to carry orbital solar energy through the ionosphere, where the beam and the plasma form a coupled nonlinear system: the field heats electrons, the heating alters the collision frequency and plasma density, and the modified medium in turn reshapes the field. To our knowledge, this work is the first study to quantify this two-way interaction between microwave power transmission and the ionospheric plasma environment through full-path nonlinear modeling. The 340 km path from 400 km to 60 km altitude is reconstructed by 34 cascaded two-dimensional axisymmetric finite-element full-wave segments with complex-field transfer, using International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) electron-density and NRLMSISE-00 neutral-atmosphere inputs. A Shallow Neural Network (SNN) surrogate replaces the implicit electron energy balance with an explicit closure that maps altitude and local field magnitude to electron temperature and effective collision frequency, enabling stable nonlinear iteration. For 1 GW beams at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz, the volume-integrated Ohmic deposition is 29.4 kW and 5.11 kW, respectively -- fractional losses of order $10^{-5}$ -- and the ratio between the two bands follows the $ω^{-2}$ scaling of collisional absorption. The deposition concentrates near 95 km altitude, where the product of electron density and collision frequency peaks, whereas the electron-temperature perturbation (up to 3815 K) maximizes in the F region, where cooling is weakest; ponderomotive density depletion remains below 0.02\%. The ionosphere is therefore effectively transparent to the SSPS power budget but not to the beam phase: localized heating and refractive perturbation accumulate phase-front distortion relevant to phased-array beam control, rectenna phase compensation, and environmental assessment.
Comments27 pages, 13 figures
