P³CDA：用于无人机物联网的隐私保护且可证明安全的跨域认证方案
$\mathrm{P}^{3}$CDA: Privacy-Preserving and Provably Secure Cross Domain Authentication Scheme for Internet of Drones
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中文总结 AI 辅助
针对无人机物联网跨域认证难题，提出P³CDA方案，设计高效假名管理机制，采用结构增强的Merkle哈希树，开发基于密码累加器的跨域认证协议，经安全分析与证明及实验验证，该方案安全且开销低于现有方案。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
随着无人机物联网（IoD）的迅速扩张和无人机移动性增加，地理分布域间的跨域交互不可避免。跨域认证是IoD的基本安全要求。现有认证方案难以同时实现强安全性、高效性和身份隐私。为此提出P³CDA方案，设计了高效假名管理机制，支持自适应假名生成及批量注册、验证和撤销；提出结构增强的Merkle哈希树以减少无人机假名存储开销；基于此开发基于密码累加器的跨域认证协议，能匿名认证并保留恶意无人机的可追溯性及高效撤销能力。经严格安全分析和形式化证明，实验表明其开销低于现有方案。
英文摘要
With the rapid expansion of the Internet of Drones (IoD) and the increasing mobility of drones, cross-domain interactions among geographically distributed domains have become inevitable. Cross-domain authentication is therefore a fundamental security requirement for IoD. However, existing authentication schemes often struggle to simultaneously achieve strong security, high efficiency, and identity privacy, making them unsuitable for the stringent requirements of highly dynamic and resource-constrained IoD environments. To address this challenge, we propose $\mathrm{P}^{3}$CDA, a privacy-preserving and provably secure cross-domain authentication scheme. First, we design an efficient pseudonym management mechanism that supports adaptive pseudonym generation as well as batch registration, verification, and revocation. Second, we propose a structurally enhanced Merkle Hash Tree (MHT) that supports batch pseudonym updates, thereby reducing the pseudonym storage overhead of drones. Building on these components, we develop a cryptographic accumulator-based cross-domain authentication protocol that enables anonymous authentication with authorized pseudonyms while preserving the traceability and efficient revocation of malicious drones. We rigorously analyze the security of $\mathrm{P}^{3}$CDA and formally prove its security under the Canetti--Krawczyk (CK) adversary model. Extensive experiments demonstrate that $\mathrm{P}^{3}$CDA achieves lower computational, communication, and storage overhead than state-of-the-art schemes.
