脉冲星反自转突变：由磁力驱动的星震？
Pulsar anti-glitches: starquakes driven by magnetism?
AI总结：
研究磁星中反自转突变现象，假设磁应力引发弹性变形触发断层滑动产生星震，可增减转动惯量形成自转突变或反自转突变，经量级计算给出磁场与幅度关系，与观测相符，期待更多发现和模型检验该假设。
AI中文摘要：
在传统的脉冲星自转突变星震模型中，通常认为此类事件源于致密天体自引力引起的断层滑动。这不可避免地会降低转动惯量，产生幅度仅为$\Delta\nu/\nu > 0$的自转突变。然而，在极端磁化的脉冲星——磁星中，观测到越来越多的反自转突变（$\Delta\nu/\nu < 0$），该框架无法解释这一现象。在本研究中，我们假设致密天体内的磁应力可导致弹性变形，触发断层滑动，当超过局部破坏阈值时会引发“磁力驱动的星震”。此过程可使转动惯量减小或增加，分别自然产生自转突变或反自转突变。通过本简短报告中的量级计算，我们给出了磁场$B$与幅度$\Delta\nu/\nu$之间的简单关系，这与现有自转突变和反自转突变数据的观测分布一致。欢迎进一步发现自转突变/反自转突变事件以及更多弹性 - 磁应力耦合的定量模型，最终可为该假设提供明确检验。
英文摘要：
In the conventional starquake model of pulsar glitches, it is usually assumed that such events arise from fault slip induced by the self-gravity of compact objects. This inevitably decreases the moment of inertia, producing a glitch with an amplitude of only $Δν/ν> 0$. However, an increasing number of anti-glitches ($Δν/ν< 0$) have been observed in extremely magnetized pulsars, the magnetars, and this cannot be explained by that framework. In the present study, we hypothesis that magnetic stresses within a compact object can make for elastic deformations that trigger fault slipping, resulting in a ``magnetism-driven starquake'' when the local breaking threshold is exceeded. This process can then either decrease or increase the moment of inertia, naturally generating a glitch or an anti-glitch, respectively. With an order-of-magnitude calculation in this brief report, we present a simple relationship between the magnetic field $B$ and the amplitude $Δν/ν$, which is consistent with the observational distribution of existing glitch and anti-glitch data. Further discoveries of glitch/anti-glitch events, alongside more quantitative models of elastic-magnetic stress coupling, would be welcome and could eventually provide clear tests for the hypothesis.
