AI 中文总结
研究超亮超新星2017fck和2019cmv，通过光学测光和光谱分析，结合计算SNe Ia-CSM数值光变曲线模型网格，推断其高CSM质量，为超线性SLSNe-II提供可能的热核起源。
AI 中文摘要
为解释超亮超新星（SLSNe）的极端光度，传统超新星需额外能量源。富含氢的SLSNe-II的主要能量源被认为是星际物质（CSM）相互作用。然而，由于其隐藏在强烈的CSM特征之下，潜在超新星及其前身系统的性质仍不明确。本文展示了SLSNe-II 2017fck和2019cmv的光学测光和光谱。它们具有极大值后“超线性”光变曲线，在Ia型超新星与CSM相互作用（SNe Ia-CSM）样本中也有发现，还有光变曲线相关性和光谱相似性。因此，计算了具有各种Ia型超新星亚型和CSM分布的SNe Ia-CSM数值光变曲线模型网格。模型网格涵盖了SNe Ia-CSM在上升时间、峰值光度和下降率方面的观测参数空间，CSM质量范围约为2-11 M⊙，表明其前身系统的多样性。对于2017fck和2019cmv超新星，分别推断出约11和6 M⊙的高CSM质量，这可能是在白矮星与大质量（≥8 M⊙）或中等质量（<8 M⊙）伴星的共同包层演化过程中产生的。连同之前提出的SLSN-II 2006gy与SNe Ia-CSM的联系，2017fck和2019cmv超新星可能为峰值光学光度高达10^44 erg s^-1的超线性SLSNe-II提供一种可能的热核起源。
英文摘要
Additional power sources to traditional supernovae (SNe) are necessary to account for the extreme luminosities of superluminous SNe (SLSNe). A main power source for hydrogen-rich SLSNe (SLSNe-II) is thought to be circumstellar material (CSM) interaction. However, the nature of underlying SNe and their progenitor systems remain elusive as they are hidden below strong CSM signatures. Here, we present optical photometry and spectroscopy of SLSNe-II 2017fck and 2019cmv. They are characterized by post-maximum "superlinear" light curves which we also identify in a sample of Type Ia SNe interacting with CSM (SNe Ia-CSM), along with their light-curve correlations and spectral similarities. Thus, we compute a numerical light-curve model grid of SNe Ia-CSM with various SN Ia subtypes and CSM distributions. Our model grid spans the observed parameter space of SNe Ia-CSM in terms of their rise times, peak luminosities, and decline rates with a wide CSM mass range of $\sim2-11$ M$_\odot$, indicating the diversity in their progenitor systems. For SNe 2017fck and 2019cmv, we infer high CSM masses of $\sim11$ and $6$ M$_\odot$, respectively, which might be produced during the common envelope evolution of a white dwarf and massive ($\geq8$ M$_\odot$) or intermediate-mass ($<8$ M$_\odot$) companion. Together with the proposed connection of SLSN-II 2006gy to SNe Ia-CSM, SNe 2017fck and 2019cmv may offer a possible thermonuclear origin for superlinear SLSNe-II with peak optical luminosities up to $10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$.
CommentsMain: 14 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables; Appendix: 5 pages, 3 figures; Submitted to the Open Journal of Astrophysics
