关注电子离子对撞机中硬散射与衍射结构函数之间的差距
Minding the gap between hard and diffractive structure functions at the EIC
AI总结：
研究电子离子对撞机中硬散射与衍射结构函数的差距，提出有间隙硬电子质子散射的全微分因子分解，发现特定结构函数在领先幂次下消失，证实方位角依赖性是纯衍射特征。
AI中文摘要：
衍射的特征是前向散射和大的快度间隙。普通硬散射也会产生有间隙的事件，并且是识别衍射产生事件的重要背景。我们提出了有间隙硬电子质子散射的全微分因子分解。我们发现，对于硬散射，非极化方位角依赖的结构函数\(F_{3,4}^{\rm gap}\)和纵向\(F_L^{\rm gap}\)在领先幂次下消失。因此，方位角依赖性是纯衍射特征，这在蒙特卡罗模拟中得到了证实。
英文摘要：
Diffraction is characterized by forward scattering and a large rapidity gap. Ordinary hard scattering also produces gapped events and presents a significant background to identification of diffractively produced events. We present a fully differential factorization of gapped hard $ep$ scattering. We find that the unpolarized azimuthally-dependent structure functions $F_{3,4}^{\rm gap}$ and the longitudinal $F_L^{\rm gap}$ vanish at leading power for hard scattering. Azimuthal dependence is thus a pure diffractive signature. This is borne out in Monte Carlo simulations.
