AI 中文总结
该研究旨在利用平方公里阵列天文台在宇宙学尺度上测试广义相对论的有效性，通过探测巨大体积和多样互补的宇宙学可观测量，以确认其稳健性或检测偏差，为建立更通用确凿的引力理论提供依据。
AI 中文摘要
广义相对论（GR）是目前我们对引力相互作用的最佳描述，也是和谐宇宙学模型的基础之一。尽管我们知道GR并非引力的最终理论，仍缺乏对其基本量子性质的理解，但它在描述观测现象和预测效应方面取得了显著成功。由于引力比其他三种基本相互作用弱得多，目前仅在强场区域进行了高精度测试。在宇宙的巨大尺度上，引力场极其微弱，时空曲率几乎可以忽略不计。然而，正是在这些尺度上，我们发现了对暗物质和暗能量等奇异成分的需求迹象。因此，至关重要的是在这些尺度上测试GR的有效性，以进一步确认其稳健性或检测偏差，从而引导我们建立更通用和确凿的引力理论。平方公里阵列天文台（SKA）特别适合此目的，因为它将探测的巨大体积以及其勘测将提供给我们的各种宇宙学可观测量的多样性和互补性。
英文摘要
General relativity (GR) is currently the best description of the gravitational interaction at our disposal and is one of the foundations of the concordance cosmological model. For as much as we know that GR is not the final theory of gravitation - we still lack an understanding of its fundamental, quantum nature - it has demonstrated a remarkable success in describing observed phenomena and predicting effects that have later been confirmed by laboratory experiments or astronomical observations. Since gravity is extremely weak compared to the other three fundamental interactions, it has so far been tested with exquisite precision only in the strong-field regime. On the immense scales of the cosmos, on the other hand, the gravitational field is extremely weak and spacetime curvature is almost negligible. But crucially, it is on these scales that we see hints at the need for exotic components, such as dark matter and dark energy. The question of whether they really exist or their presence is but an artefact of the incompleteness of our understanding of gravity on cosmological scales then naturally arises. It is therefore paramount to test the validity of GR on these scales, either to further confirm its robustness or to detect deviations that could lead us to the formulation of a more general and conclusive theory of gravitation. To this purpose, the SKA Observatory is especially suited, thanks both to the enormous volumes it will probe, and to the variety and complementarity of cosmological observables that its surveys will make available to us.
CommentsPublished in Advancing Astrophysics with the SKA II (AASKAII), 2026 (arXiv:2606.20366). Report-no: AASKAII/Camera01. Advancing Astrophysics with the SKA II (AASKAII) outlines the transformative scientific advances that will be enabled by the SKA telescopes
