AI 中文总结
该研究利用阿拉加茨探测器记录的TGEs序列，通过STAND3和SEVAN Light通道分析，根据近地表电场稳定性分类，揭示雷暴电荷结构演变，表明其与下部加速场结构有关，快速电场脉冲影响电子传输，且事件发生在特定低云底条件下。
AI 中文摘要
雷暴地面增强（TGEs）为雷云中加速电场提供了直接的粒子物理诊断。2026年5月12日至15日，阿拉加茨探测器在密切相关的气象和电场条件下记录了紧凑的TGEs序列。使用STAND3和SEVAN Light伽马和电子代理通道对10个经统计分辨的TGEs进行定量分析。根据近地表电场（NSEF）的稳定性将事件分为负（N）、过渡/扰动负（TD N）和正（P）状态。结果表明，TGEs在相对稳定和快速演变的电荷状态下均会发生。稳定的负事件对应于主负（MN）电荷区域的持续暴露，而正事件和TD N事件反映了较低正电荷区域（LPCR）的筛选以及在类似风暴末期振荡（EOSO）的演变过程中下部雷云偶极子的快速重组。分析表明，电子/伽马组成主要取决于下部加速场结构的持续性和几何形状，而非仅取决于NSEF的瞬时符号或大小。快速电场脉冲常与附近闪电活动相关，标志着下部偶极子的活跃重组，并强烈影响电子传输到探测器水平。所有分析事件均发生在有利于阿拉加茨电子TGEs的持续低云底条件下。
英文摘要
Thunderstorm Ground Enhancements (TGEs) provide a direct particle-physics diagnostic of accelerating electric fields within thunderclouds. During 12 15 May 2026, Aragats detectors recorded a compact sequence of TGEs under closely related meteorological and electric field conditions. Ten statistically resolved TGEs were selected for quantitative analysis using STAND3 and SEVAN Light gamma and electron proxy channels. The events were classified into negative (N), transition/disturbed negative (TD N), and positive (P) states based on the stability of the near surface electric field (NSEF). The results show that TGEs occur during both comparatively stable and rapidly evolving charge states. Stable negative events correspond to sustained exposure of the Main Negative (MN) charge region, whereas positive and TD N events reflect Lower Positive Charge Region (LPCR) screening and rapid restructuring of the lower thundercloud dipole during End Of Storm Oscillation (EOSO) like evolution. The analysis demonstrates that the electron/gamma composition depends primarily on the persistence and geometry of the lower accelerating field structure rather than solely on the instantaneous sign or magnitude of the NSEF. Rapid electric field impulses, frequently associated with nearby lightning activity, mark active restructuring of the lower dipole and strongly influence electron transport to the detector level. All analyzed events occurred during persistent low cloud base conditions favorable for electron TGEs at Aragats.
Comments17 pages, 7 figures
