单向通信下抵御独立攻击的量子密钥分发协议的抗噪声能力
Noise Resilience of Quantum Key Distribution Protocols Secured Against Independent Attacks With One-Way Communication
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究单比特量子密钥分发协议在抵御独立窃听攻击及单向经典通信密钥蒸馏场景下的抗噪声能力，引入基于噪声的度量，确定QKD能蒸馏渐近安全密钥的噪声阈值，发现六态协议抗噪声能力最强且后选择效率高，并分析了两种度量。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们研究了单比特量子密钥分发（QKD）协议在抵御独立窃听攻击及基于单向经典通信的密钥蒸馏场景下的抗噪声能力。为此，引入了一种基于噪声的度量来量化QKD协议效率。在此框架内，分析了允许爱丽丝和鲍勃渐近建立安全密钥的最大噪声水平。基于此假设，比较了一般单比特QKD协议，特别是BB84、B92、E91和六态协议的噪声容忍度。主要结果确定了QKD能蒸馏出渐近安全密钥的噪声水平阈值。此外，证明六态协议抗噪声能力最强，且后选择效率高于其他单比特协议，证实了其在所考虑安全模型中的稳健性。最后，对基于噪声的度量和传统量子比特误码率（QBER）度量进行了分析。
英文摘要
We investigate the resilience to noise of single-qubit quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols in the scenario of security against independent eavesdropping attacks and key distillation based on one-way classical communication. To this end, we introduce a noise-based metric that quantifies the efficiency of QKD protocols. Within this framework, we analyze the maximal noise levels that allow Alice and Bob to asymptotically establish a secure secret key. Using this assumption, we compare the noise tolerance of general single-qubit QKD protocols, in particular the BB84, B92, E91, and six-state protocols. Our main result determines the noise level threshold for QKD allowing one to distill an asymptotically secure secret key. Additionally, we demonstrate that the six-state protocol achieves the greatest resistance to noise while simultaneously yielding a higher post-selection efficiency than the other analyzed single-qubit protocols, confirming its robustness within the considered security model. Finally, we perform an analysis of the proposed noise-based metric and the conventional quantum bit error rate (QBER) metric.
