量子熵源中两个相互耦合的磷化铟激光器的相位同步动力学
Phase synchronization dynamics of two mutually coupled InP lasers in a quantum entropy source
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
研究量子熵源中两个相互耦合的磷化铟激光器的相位同步动力学，通过基于耦合随机速率方程的实验和模拟量化该效应并联系激光耦合与相位同步，推导解析模型提取量子相位差分布，为量子熵源优化奠定基础。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
量子随机数生成器是数字信任基础设施的核心，依赖量子熵源从物理过程中产生随机性。量子熵源的量子起源认证需要一个与设备测量信号兼容的物理模型。本文研究了Quside Technologies公司的相位扩散量子熵源，它由一个光子集成电路组成，该电路利用两个磷化铟激光器在增益开关模式下工作，通过同时将它们的泵浦电流从阈值以下调制到阈值以上，利用量子自发发射产生具有随机光学相位的强度脉冲。激光器的强度通过外差干涉，每个调制周期从干涉信号中获得一个随机比特。虽然该系统具有高可扩展性和紧凑性，但两个激光器之间的残余耦合会导致相位同步，从而降低其可提取的熵。通过基于耦合随机速率方程的物理模型的实验和模拟，我们量化了这种效应，并将激光耦合与相位同步联系起来。我们进一步推导了测量干涉强度概率分布的解析模型，能够直接提取量子相位差分布，为量子熵源的优化奠定了基础。
英文摘要
Quantum random number generators, at the core of digital trust infrastructures, rely on quantum entropy sources (QESs) to produce randomness from physical processes. The quantum origin certification of a QES requires a physical model compatible with the measured signal of the device. Here, we study Quside Technologies' phase-diffusion QES consisting of a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) that uses the interference of two indium phosphide (InP) lasers operated in gain-switching by simultaneously modulating their pump currents from below to above the threshold. This produces intensity pulses in each laser that have random optical phases due to quantum spontaneous emission. The lasers' intensities interfere via heterodyning, and from the interference signal a random bit is obtained per modulation cycle. While this system offers high scalability and compactness, residual coupling between the two lasers can induce phase synchronization, thus reducing its extractable entropy. Through experiments and simulations of a physical model based on coupled stochastic rate equations, we quantify this effect and link laser coupling to phase synchronization. We further derive an analytical model for the probability distribution of the measured interference intensity, enabling direct extraction of the quantum phase difference distribution and laying the groundwork for the QES optimization.
