AI 中文总结
针对需6GHz以下频段和厘米波覆盖的无线前端，提出双频段可重构共享孔径天线阵列，集成不同阵列于同一孔径，通过特定馈电和控制方式实现独立波束控制，经实验验证该架构能在紧凑平台结合双频段集成与波束控制。
AI 中文摘要
本文提出了一种平面双频段可重构共享孔径天线阵列，用于需要6GHz以下频段和厘米波覆盖的紧凑型下一代无线前端。该阵列在同一孔径内集成了一个2×2的6GHz以下微带偶极子阵列和一个4×4的厘米波堆叠贴片阵列，在两个频段提供独立波束控制，无需传统收发模块或波束形成网络。采用缝隙耦合馈电分离辐射孔径与可重构射频馈电网络及直流偏置电路。PIN二极管加载的分裂馈电环首先为两个频段提供独立的1位相位可重构性。然后引入一个紧凑型可重构90°移相器作为额外的相位控制级，实现6GHz以下元件和厘米波子阵列的2位相位控制。为减少紧凑型共享孔径中的交叉频段耦合，采用双层电磁带隙（EBG）结构抑制厘米波表面波和厘米波元件激发的6GHz以下高阶模式。制作并测量了一个原型。在6GHz以下频段，获得了11种可重构辐射方向图，包括两种差分方向图和九种定向波束，峰值宽边增益为10.5dBi。在厘米波段，实现了高达±40°的二维波束扫描，E面和H面的峰值增益均为14.6dBi。这些结果表明，所提出的架构可以在紧凑的天线平台中结合双频段共享孔径集成和独立的可重构波束控制。
英文摘要
A planar dual-band reconfigurable shared-aperture antenna array is proposed for compact next-generation wireless front ends that require both sub-6-GHz and centimeter-wave (cm-wave) coverage. The array integrates a 2 by 2 sub-6-GHz microstrip dipole array and a 4 by 4 cm-wave stacked patch array within the same aperture, while providing independent beam control in the two bands without conventional T/R modules or beamforming networks. Slot-coupled feeding is employed to separate the radiating aperture from the reconfigurable RF feeding networks and DC bias circuits. PIN-diode-loaded split feeding rings first provide independent 1-bit phase reconfigurability for both bands. A compact reconfigurable $90^{\circ}$ phase shifter is then introduced as an additional phase-control stage, resulting in 2-bit phase control for sub-6 GHz elements and cm-wave subarrays. To reduce cross-band coupling in the compact shared aperture, a double-layer electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structure is used to suppress cm-wave surface waves and higher-order sub-6-GHz modes excited by the cm-wave elements. A prototype is fabricated and measured. In the sub-6-GHz band, 11 reconfigurable radiation patterns are obtained, including two difference patterns and nine directional beams, with a peak broadside gain of 10.5 dBi. In the cm-wave band, two-dimensional beam scanning up to $\pm40^{\circ}$ is demonstrated with a peak gain of 14.6 dBi in both the E-plane and H-plane. These results show that the proposed architecture can combine dual-band shared-aperture integration and independent reconfigurable beam control in a compact antenna platform.
