AI 中文总结
针对核聚变反应堆氚燃料循环中DIRL系统的气体分配与存储，建立控制模型评估其动态特性，针对EU-DEMO的GDS开发并评估MIMO、改进SISO及扩展输入MIMO三种控制策略，以实现压力、燃料比及氕浓度的控制目标。
AI 中文摘要
本工作致力于开发直接内部循环回路（DIRL）系统的控制策略，DIRL是核聚变反应堆燃料补给的氚燃料循环（TFC）的重要组成部分。首先，建立了一个面向控制的模型，描述DIRL与环形反应堆、缓冲器和燃料单元以及再循环流之间相互作用的动态行为。该模型用于评估DIRL的可控性、稳定性以及输入输出变量之间的相互作用。此外，从控制角度讨论了废气中同位素的直接回收。研究发现，由于输入输出相互作用和相互竞争的过程目标，DIRL内的气体分配和存储（GDS）面临重大控制挑战。针对欧洲示范核聚变发电厂（EU-DEMO）的GDS，开发并评估了三种控制策略：多输入多输出（MIMO）控制方案、具有扩展输入变量的重新设计的GDS配置以实现分散的单输入单输出（SISO）控制，以及解决氕稀释问题的扩展输入MIMO控制方案。所有策略均针对三个控制目标进行评估：将GDS压力维持在规定的设定点附近以确保过程安全；调节氚 - 氘燃料补给比以实现最佳反应堆运行；管理氕浓度以防止燃料稀释。
英文摘要
This work is concerned with the development of control strategies for the Direct Internal Recycling Loop (DIRL) system, which is an essential part of the Tritium Fuel Cycle (TFC) for the fueling of fusion reactors. As a first step, a control-oriented model is developed that describes dynamic behavior of DIRL with interactions between the torus reactor, buffer and fuel units, and recirculation streams. This model is used to evaluate the controllability, stability of the DIRL, and interactions between input and output variables. Moreover, the direct recycling of isotopes from the exhaust gases is discussed from a control perspective. It is observed that Gas Distribution and Storage (GDS) within the DIRL is associated with significant control challenges due to input-output interactions and competing process objectives. Three control strategies are developed and evaluated for the GDS of the European Demonstration fusion power plant (EU-DEMO): a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) control scheme, a redesigned GDS configuration with extended input variables enabling decentralised Single Input Single Output (SISO) control, and an extended-input MIMO control scheme addressing protium dilution. All strategies are assessed against three control objectives: maintaining GDS pressure around a prescribed set-point to ensure process safety; regulating the tritium-deuterium fuelling ratio for optimal reactor operation; and managing protium concentration to prevent fuelling dilution.
