在低温下探测块状晶体中的100GHz机械模式
Accessing 100 GHz Mechanical Modes in Bulk Crystals at Cryogenic Temperatures
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
研究利用即插即用三维微波腔耦合块状铌酸锂，实现7.0 - 110GHz厘米级、毫克质量振动模式高效非接触激发及品质因数提升，还证明微波腔与多机械模式强耦合，为高温下机械量子物理精确测试搭建通用平台。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
亚太赫兹机电学为在实验友好的开尔文温度下探测机械量子运动提供了一条有前景的途径。传统上，高频机械谐振器依赖先进微加工来塑造复杂微结构，而块状晶体因惯性大及该频率下的转换挑战被忽视。本文表明，通过即插即用的三维微波腔耦合时，块状铌酸锂能拥有接近100GHz的可机械探测模式。此方法能在7.0 - 110GHz范围内对厘米级、毫克质量的振动模式进行高效非接触激发，在W波段机械品质因数高达30000。此外，利用4K下的频率可调超导铌腔，证明了微波腔模式与多个机械模式之间的强耦合，在110GHz时协同性高达16.6，实现了微波光子与机械声子之间的相干能量交换。这些结果为获取大量高频机械模式及在高温下进行机械量子物理的精确测试建立了一个通用平台。
英文摘要
Sub-terahertz electromechanics offers a promising route to probe mechanical quantum motion at experimentally friendly Kelvin temperatures. Traditionally, high-frequency mechanical resonators rely on advanced microfabrication to shape complex microstructures, while bulk crystals have been largely overlooked due to their large inertia and challenging transduction at such frequencies. Here we show that bulk lithium niobate can host mechanically accessible modes near 100 GHz when coupled via plug-and-play three-dimensional microwave cavities. This approach enables efficient, non-contact excitation of centimeter-scale, milligram-mass vibrational modes across 7.0--110 GHz, with mechanical quality factors up to 30,000 at W band. Furthermore, using a frequency-tunable superconducting niobium cavity at 4 K, we demonstrate strong coupling between a microwave cavity mode and multiple mechanical modes, enabling coherent energy exchange between microwave photons and mechanical phonons with cooperativity up to 16.6 at 110 GHz. These results establish a versatile platform for accessing massive high-frequency mechanical modes and for precision tests of mechanical quantum physics at elevated temperatures.
