机器人记者：评估作为计算新闻学中算法把关人的自主人工智能代理
Robo-Reporters: Evaluating Autonomous AI Agents as Algorithmic Gatekeepers in Computational Journalism
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究对比四种人工智能代理架构在新闻任务中的表现，通过200个对照实验，发现架构对任务时长和计算策略有显著影响，多智能体协作准确率最高，整体式架构有特定信息源拒绝率，还揭示了透明度方面差异，为新闻编辑室提供架构选择指导。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
人工智能代理越来越多地自主执行新闻工作任务，在极少人工监督的情况下寻找信息源、评估可信度并制作新闻内容。然而，此前研究大多将人工智能视为一个整体类别，未考察架构设计的影响。本研究借鉴把关理论，对四种代理架构（整体式、链式、多智能体协作式和自主迭代式）进行了首次系统比较，在涵盖50个难度递增的新闻任务的200个对照实验中，所有架构使用相同基础语言模型和相同工具以分离架构影响。结果显示架构对任务持续时间和计算策略有显著影响，多智能体协作式准确率最高但耗时约为其他设计的两倍。整体式架构的多阶段分析记录了71.7%的信息源拒绝率，与经典人类把关形成定量对比。透明度成为一种架构选择，框架设计在结构化归因方面表现出色，而整体式和迭代式设计则产生了更优的方法文档。研究结果将架构定位为把关的新结构层面，并为新闻编辑室提供了基于证据的指导。
英文摘要
Artificial intelligence agents increasingly perform journalism tasks autonomously, searching for sources, evaluating credibility, and producing news content with minimal human oversight. Yet research has largely treated AI as a monolithic category, leaving the effects of architectural design unexamined. Drawing on gatekeeping theory, this study presents the first systematic comparison of four agent architectures, monolithic (Claude), chain-based (LangChain), multi-agent collaborative (CrewAI), and autonomous iterative (AutoGPT), across 200 controlled experiments spanning 50 journalism tasks of graduated difficulty. All architectures used the same underlying language model and identical tools, isolating architectural effects. Results revealed significant effects on task duration (F(3, 196) = 24.54, p < .001, eta-squared = .27) and computational strategy (F(3, 196) = 305.63, p < .001, eta-squared = .82), with architecture explaining 82% of the variance in processing behavior. Multi-agent collaboration achieved the highest accuracy (84.7%) at roughly twice the time cost of other designs. Multistage analysis of the monolithic architecture documented a 71.7% source rejection rate, a quantitative parallel to classic human gatekeeping, while framework-based systems obscured their filtering inside abstraction layers. Transparency emerged as an architectural choice: framework designs excelled at structured attribution, whereas monolithic and iterative designs produced superior methodological documentation. Findings position architecture as a new structural level of gatekeeping and offer evidence-based guidance for newsrooms: chain-based designs for speed, multi-agent for accuracy, monolithic for versatility, and iterative for auditability.
