AI 中文总结
该研究提出计算无损多端口干涉仪多光子散射概率框架，利用环形展开定义映射，确定大光子数极限下散射概率渐近行为，建立新渐近公式，还能解释已知情形，且产生与渐近光子聚束模式相关可直接检验的结果。
AI 中文摘要
我们提出了一个用于计算无损多端口干涉仪中任意光子数和不可区分度的多光子散射概率的框架。通过利用单粒子态张量幂中多光子态的环形展开，该框架定义了一个从相对相位环面到概率单纯形的映射，它决定了大光子数极限下散射概率的渐近行为。具体而言，概率集中在由该映射定义的“经典允许区域”, 多光子分布的慢变部分再现了由该映射诱导的经典测度。因此，我们能够为部分不可区分光子的一般情形建立一个新的多光子概率渐近公式，同时还提供了一个单粒子图像来解释完全不可区分情形下已知多光子跃迁振幅的渐近性。更广泛地说，我们的框架产生了与渐近光子聚束模式相关的新的、可直接检验的结果：它将经典映射的特征（如焦散和空洞）转化为关于光子分布概率大或指数抑制区域的直接预测。
英文摘要
We propose a framework for computing multiphotonic scattering probabilities in a lossless multiport interferometer for arbitrary photon numbers and degrees of indistinguishability. By exploiting a toroidal expansion of multiphotonic states in tensor powers of single-particle states, the framework defines a map from a torus of relative phases to the probability simplex that governs the asymptotic behavior of scattering probabilities in the large-photon limit. Specifically, the probabilities concentrate on the "classically allowed region" defined by the map, and the slowly-varying part of the multiphotonic distribution reproduces a classical measure induced by the map. As a result, we are able to establish a new asymptotic formula for the multiphotonic probabilities in a general scenario of partially indistinguishable photons, while also providing a single-particle picture to explain the asymptotics of known multiphotonic transition amplitudes in the fully indistinguishable case. More broadly, our framework yields new, directly testable consequences in relation to asymptotic photon bunching patterns: it translates features of the classical map -- such as caustics and voids -- into direct predictions about regions of large or exponentially suppressed photon-distribution probability.
Comments35 pages, 6 figures
