并非所有颜色类别都同样稳定：一项多语言自由颜色命名实验
Not All Color Categories Are Equally Stable: A Multilingual Free Color Naming Experiment
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过多语言自由颜色命名实验，探究红、黄、绿颜色类别的命名一致性，发现绿色最稳定，黄色命名多样，红色居中，结果有助于开发更有感知意义的颜色模型和命名系统。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
颜色命名是人类颜色感知的重要部分，其任务是让人们用离散颜色类别描述连续颜色。但颜色类别边界常不清晰，一些颜色因饱和度和亮度不同而有不同感知。本研究通过自由颜色命名实验，用18个颜色样本，让92名参与者用哈萨克语、俄语或英语自由命名。结果显示颜色类别稳定性不同，绿色最稳定，黄色命名多样，红色居中。研究结果可用于开发更有感知意义的颜色模型和命名系统。
英文摘要
Color naming is an important part of human color perception. Its task is to allow people to describe continuous colors using discrete color categories. However, the boundaries between color categories are often unclear, and some colors may be perceived differently depending on their saturation and brightness. While certain color categories remain recognizable across a wide range of shades, others may be associated with different color names when their appearance changes. This study investigates the consistency of color naming for red, yellow, and green color categories using a free color-naming experiment. A set of 18 color samples was selected from the COLIBRI dataset to represent different shades of these colors. Participants (n = 92) were asked to freely assign color names to each sample in Kazakh, Russian, or English without being limited to predefined categories. The results show that color categories differ in their consistency. Green shades were consistently identified as green despite variations in appearance, whereas yellow shades received a wider variety of names, including gold- and brown-related descriptions. Red shades showed moderate naming consistency. Our findings suggest that some color categories occupy broader perceptual regions than others and may therefore be more robust to visual variations. The study results can be used to develop perceptually meaningful color models and color naming systems.
