AI 中文总结
研究针对VLT/SPHERE自适应光学系统的SAXO+升级，通过蒙特卡罗模拟估计NCPA误差预算，提出校准策略，将多数静态像差校正卸载到第一阶段可变形镜，验证了其光学质量，建立校准框架以实现有效NCPA补偿和波前控制。
AI 中文摘要
VLT/SPHERE自适应光学系统的SAXO+升级引入了第二阶段近红外金字塔波前传感器以改善高对比度成像，准确校准非共路像差（NCPA）对于充分发挥其性能至关重要。本文细化了SAXO+中NCPA的预期水平，并介绍了针对静态NCPA补偿和焦平面暗孔控制开发的校准程序。基于更新的Zemax光学模型的蒙特卡罗模拟用于估计NCPA误差预算。这些模拟与之前对SPHERE的测量以及早期性能研究中采用的假设高度一致。我们还提出了一种校准策略，将大部分静态像差校正卸载到第一阶段可变形镜上，同时保留第二阶段镜的行程用于高速自适应光学校正。这些结果验证了SAXO+预期的光学质量，并建立了未来在轨运行期间有效NCPA补偿和焦平面波前控制所需的校准框架。
英文摘要
The SAXO+ upgrade of the VLT/SPHERE adaptive optics system introduces a second-stage near-infrared pyramid wavefront sensor to improve high-contrast imaging, making accurate calibration of non-common path aberrations (NCPAs) essential to fully exploit its performance. This work refines the expected level of NCPAs in SAXO+ and presents the calibration procedures developed for static NCPA compensation and focal-plane dark-hole control. Monte Carlo simulations based on an updated Zemax optical model were used to estimate the NCPA error budget. These simulations are in good agreement with previous measurements on SPHERE and with the assumptions adopted in earlier performance studies. We also propose a calibration strategy that offloads most static aberration correction to the first-stage deformable mirror while preserving the second-stage mirror stroke for high-speed adaptive optics correction. These results validate the expected SAXO+ optical quality and establish the calibration framework required for efficient NCPA compensation and focal-plane wavefront control during future on-sky operations.
Comments9 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2026, 14150-105
