AI 中文总结
该研究利用多信使观测的贝叶斯推断，在唯象膜世界模型中约束致密星参数空间，结合多种观测进行分析，得出大张力膜世界中轻度负外尔耦合与现有数据一致，无需大幅偏离广义相对论的结论。
AI 中文摘要
我们使用多信使观测的贝叶斯推断，在一个受有效萨尼 - 什塔纳夫情景启发的唯象膜世界模型中，约束致密星的参数空间。恒星结构由修正的托尔曼 - 奥本海默 - 沃尔科夫方程描述，包括局部二次膜修正和非局部外尔部分的唯象闭合，由膜张力$\lambda$、外尔耦合$\alpha_{\mathcal{U}}$和外尔状态方程参数$w_{\mathcal{U}}$参数化。使用SLy状态方程，我们结合GW170817（LIGO/Virgo）的质量 - 半径后验以及对PSR~J0740$+$6620和PSR~J1231$-$1411的NICER观测进行仿射不变系综马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗分析。后验结果给出$\log_{10}(\lambda/\mathrm{km}^{-2})=3.98^{+1.52}{-1.44}$（68%），表明是局部高能修正占次要地位的大膜张力 regime。外尔耦合被约束为$\alpha{\mathcal{U}}=-0.15^{+0.30}{-0.08}$（68%），而$w{\mathcal{U}}$约束较弱，95%可信区间为$[-1.25,,1.02]$。推断的恒星属性为$M_{\max}=2.30^{+0.14}{-0.08},M\odot$和$R_{1.4}=13.31^{+0.54}_{-0.57},\mathrm{km}$（68%），超过了SLy状态方程的相应广义相对论预测。95%后验区间延伸到GW190814的次质量范围，尽管中位数和最佳拟合值仍低于该范围。这些结果表明，具有轻度负外尔耦合的大张力膜世界与当前NICER和引力波约束一致，无需与广义相对论有大的偏差。
英文摘要
We use Bayesian inference on multi-messenger observations to constrain the parameter space of compact stars in a phenomenological braneworld model inspired by the effective Sahni--Shtanov scenario. Stellar structure is described by modified Tolman--Oppenheimer--Volkoff equations including local quadratic brane corrections and a phenomenological closure for the nonlocal Weyl sector, parametrized by the brane tension $λ$, the Weyl coupling $α_{\mathcal{U}}$, and the Weyl equation-of-state parameter $w_{\mathcal{U}}$. Using the SLy equation of state, we perform an affine-invariant ensemble Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis combining mass--radius posteriors from GW170817 (LIGO/Virgo) and NICER observations of PSR~J0740$+$6620 and PSR~J1231$-$1411. The posterior yields $\log_{10}(λ/\mathrm{km}^{-2})=3.98^{+1.52}{-1.44}$ (68%), indicating a large-brane-tension regime where local high-energy corrections are subdominant. The Weyl coupling is constrained to $α{\mathcal{U}}=-0.15^{+0.30}{-0.08}$ (68%), while $w{\mathcal{U}}$ remains weakly constrained, with a 95% credible interval of $[-1.25,,1.02]$. The inferred stellar properties are $M_{\max}=2.30^{+0.14}{-0.08},M\odot$ and $R_{1.4}=13.31^{+0.54}_{-0.57},\mathrm{km}$ (68%), exceeding the corresponding General Relativity predictions for the SLy equation of state. The 95% posterior interval extends into the GW190814 secondary-mass range, although the median and best-fit values remain below it. These results show that a large-tension braneworld with a mildly negative Weyl coupling is consistent with current NICER and gravitational-wave constraints without requiring large deviations from General Relativity.
Comments15 pages, 2 figures
