AI 中文总结
研究在 Bianchi Ⅴ型时空框架下动力学暗能量模型，用 $1+3$ 协变热力学方法，结合多种宇宙学数据集分析，发现引入空间各向异性与 DDE 可缓解宇宙学张力，对相关参数建立约束，表明该扩展框架可行且可测试。
AI 中文摘要
我们使用 $1+3$ 协变热力学方法，在各向异性、空间均匀的 Bianchi Ⅴ型时空框架内研究动力学暗能量（DDE）模型的宇宙学意义。通过实施恒定（$w$）和随时间变化（$w_0$，$w_a$）的状态方程参数化，评估背景膨胀历史并通过准静态近似跟踪线性物质扰动。我们将这些情况与最新的宇宙学数据集进行对比，包括暗能量光谱仪（DESI）DR2 重子声学振荡（BAO）、联合 3 和暗能量调查 5 年（DESY5）Ia 型超新星汇编、宇宙计时器（CC）和红移空间畸变（RSD）测量。联合统计分析表明，引入空间各向异性与 DDE 有效地适应了最近的晚期测量，并提供了一种可行的机制来缓解持续的 $H_0$ 和 $S_8$ 宇宙学张力。模型选择指标表明，虽然赤池准则在大多数联合数据组合中强烈支持扩展的 Bianchi Ⅴ型情景，但贝叶斯准则由于其较低的维度继续青睐更简单的标准 $\Lambda$CDM 基线。最后，我们对当前物质密度参数 $\Omega_{m,0}$、剪切参数 $\Omega_{\sigma,0}$ 和暗能量演化参数建立了严格的约束，证实各向异性扩展仍然是现代精确宇宙学可行且可测试的框架。
英文摘要
We investigate the cosmological implications of dynamical dark energy (DDE) models within an anisotropic, spatially homogeneous Bianchi Type-V spacetime framework using a $1+3$ covariant thermodynamics approach. By implementing both constant ($w$) and time-varying ($w_0, w_a$) parameterized equations of state, we evaluate the background expansion history and track linear matter perturbations via the quasi-static approximation. We confront these scenarios with the latest cosmological datasets, including the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) DR2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), the Union3 and Dark Energy Survey 5-year (DESY5) Type Ia Supernovae compilations, Cosmic Chronometers (CC), and Redshift-Space Distortion (RSD) measurements. Our joint statistical analyses reveal that the introduction of spatial anisotropy coupled with DDE efficiently accommodates recent late-time measurements and provides a viable mechanism to mitigate the persistent $H_0$ and $S_8$ cosmological tensions. Model selection metrics show that while Akaike criteria strongly support the extended Bianchi Type-V scenarios across most joint data combinations, Bayesian criteria continue to favor the simpler standard $Λ$CDM baseline due to its lower dimensionality. Finally, we establish tight constraints on the current matter density parameter $Ω_{m,0}$, the shear parameter $Ω_{σ,0}$, and the dark energy evolution parameters, confirming that anisotropic extensions remain viable and testable frameworks for modern precision cosmology.
Comments18 pages, 18 figures, 4 tables
