AI 中文总结
研究中等和极端质量比旋进的标量电荷测量，提出基于自力的超越GR波形模型，结合1PA引力部分与标量场效应，用贝叶斯研究评估波形系统误差影响，发现忽略1PA引力效应有偏差，次星自旋与标量电荷无显著相关性，特定建模系统误差可忽略。
AI 中文摘要
我们提出了首个基于自力的超越广义相对论（GR）波形模型，该模型纳入了具有附加标量场的引力理论中中等和极端质量比旋进的绝热后轨道演化。聚焦于非自旋主星的准圆形旋进，我们将首个绝热后（1PA）引力部分与领先阶标量场效应相结合，并使用贝叶斯注入 - 恢复研究来评估波形系统误差对利用激光干涉空间天线（LISA）推断标量电荷的影响。我们发现，在引力部分忽略1PA效应会使固有双星参数的推断产生偏差，而标量电荷测量在广泛的质量比范围内保持稳健。相比之下，使用纯GR模板分析来自次星携带标量电荷的双星信号会导致显著偏差和低估的不确定性，这是由于标量电荷与双星参数之间未建模的相关性。我们还研究了次星自旋的作用，发现次星自旋与标量电荷之间没有显著相关性。值得注意的是，与文献中先前的说法相反，在质量比高达$10^{-4}$时，即使在纯GR情况下，次星自旋本身仍未受约束。最后，我们表明，对于非自旋主星的准圆形旋进，用领先阶偶极后牛顿近似对标量发射进行建模相对于完全相对论性标量通量引入的系统误差可忽略不计。
英文摘要
We present the first self-force-based beyond-GR waveform model incorporating post-adiabatic orbital evolution for intermediate- and extreme-mass-ratio inspirals in theories of gravity with additional scalar fields. Focusing on quasi-circular inspirals into a non-spinning primary, we combine a first post-adiabatic (1PA) gravitational sector with leading-order scalar field effects and use Bayesian injection-recovery studies to assess the impact of waveform systematics on the inference of scalar charges with LISA. We find that neglecting 1PA effects in the gravitational sector can bias the inference of intrinsic binary parameters, while scalar-charge measurements remain robust across a wide range of mass ratios. In contrast, analysing signals from binaries in which the secondary carries a scalar charge using pure-GR templates leads to significant biases and underestimated uncertainties due to unmodelled correlations between the scalar charge and the binary parameters. We also investigate the role of secondary spin and find no significant correlation between the secondary spin and the scalar charge. Notably, up to a mass ratio of $10^{-4}$, the secondary spin itself remains unconstrained even in the pure-GR case, in contrast with previous claims in the literature. Finally, we show that modelling scalar emission with a leading-order dipolar post-Newtonian approximation -- for quasi-circular inspirals into a non-spinning primary -- introduces negligible systematic errors relative to fully relativistic scalar fluxes.
