AI 中文总结
研究超子单粒子势对致密物质相关现象的影响，利用中微子与\(^{40}\)Ar相互作用产生超子来约束该势，通过探测器级Fisher预测给出不同势的精度，并分析了系统误差，联合拟合得出了关于中子星最大质量的结果。
AI 中文摘要
超子单粒子势\(U_Y(\rho)\)控制着超子在原子核中的传播以及在致密物质中的出现，这引发了“超子难题”。我们表明，\(^{40}\)Ar上的带电流加速器（反）中微子相互作用，在原子核内产生\(\Lambda\)和\(\Sigma\)，可对这些势进行约束。在SBND和DUNE能量下，俘获的\(\Lambda\)分数和逃逸超子动量随\(U_\Lambda\)和\(U_\Sigma\)单调变化，加入K介子 vetoed的FSI - \(\Sigma^+\)标签可增加灵敏度。将这些势插入到既定超核/ \(\Sigma\) - 原子深度的GM1相对论平均场状态方程中，得到\(M_{\rm max}=1.94M_\odot\)和\(\Lambda_{1.4}=1034\)。探测器级的Fisher预测给出了固定低密度指数\(\gamma\)时\(\delta U_\Lambda\)和\(\delta U_\Sigma\)的值。由于超子在低于饱和密度时产生，\(U_\Lambda(\rho_0)\)和\(\gamma\)高度反相关。对于\(U_\Lambda\)，超子 - 核子末态截面和出射位移/梯度输运规定产生类似的系统误差。对于\(U_\Sigma\)，相同的\(YN\)不确定性使拟合偏差约\(150\)MeV。低密度\(U_\Lambda\)锚定是一个稳健的指标，精度为几MeV而非亚MeV。联合拟合给出\(M_{\rm max}=2.21^{+0.04}_{-0.15}\,\,M_\odot\)，主要由外部\(c_\Lambda\)先验设定。
英文摘要
Hyperon single-particle potentials $U_Y(ρ)$ control propagation in nuclei and hyperon onset in dense matter, where they soften the neutron-star equation of state and reduce the maximum mass -- the ``hyperon puzzle''. We show that charged-current accelerator (anti)neutrino interactions on $^{40}$Ar, producing $Λ$ and $Σ$ inside the nucleus, can constrain these potentials. At SBND and DUNE energies, the trapped-$Λ$ fraction and escaping-hyperon momenta vary monotonically with $U_Λ$ and $U_Σ$, with a kaon-vetoed FSI-$Σ^+$ tag adding sensitivity. Inserted in a GM1 relativistic mean-field equation of state at established hypernuclear/$Σ$-atom depths, the same potentials give $M_{\rm max} = 1.94\,M_\odot$ and $Λ_{1.4}=1034$, below the heaviest pulsars and above the GW170817 bound typical of GM1-class mean fields. A detector-level Fisher forecast yields $δU_Λ\simeq 0.3\,$MeV and $δU_Σ\simeq 3$-$4\,$MeV for fixed low-density exponent $γ$. Since hyperons are produced below saturation, $U_Λ(ρ_0)$ and $γ$ are 99.8\% anti-correlated; marginalising over $γ$ degrades the anchor to $δU_Λ\simeq 5.6\,$MeV ($1.3\,$MeV with a $\pm 0.2$ prior), while $δU_Σ$ is unchanged. For $U_Λ$, comparable systematics arise from hyperon-nucleon final-state cross sections ($-5/{+}2\,$MeV) and the exit-shift/gradient transport prescription ($-6\,$MeV). For $U_Σ$, the same $YN$ uncertainty biases the fit by $\mathcal{O}(150)\,$MeV; removing the $Σ^+$ tag does not cure this, because the $Λ$ momentum spectrum carries most $U_Σ$ information and is itself $YN$-sensitive. The low-density $U_Λ$ anchor is a robust handle, at several-MeV rather than sub-MeV precision. A joint fit with terrestrial and heavy-ion priors gives $M_{\rm max} = 2.21^{+0.04}_{-0.15}\,\,$Msun, set mainly by the external $c_Λ$ prior.
Comments18 pages, 17 figures
