AI 中文总结
电力系统向IBR主导电网过渡，传统指标难表征稳定性挑战。本文提出雅可比电压刚度指标（JVSM）量化VSBI特性，它可衡量电压幅值和相角刚度，能有效评估GFM IBR的VSBI特性及识别小信号稳定性问题，通过仿真案例研究得到验证。
AI 中文摘要
随着电力系统向以逆变器为基础的资源（IBR）主导的电网过渡，传统系统强度定义和指标越来越不足以描述即将到来的稳定性挑战。新定义从“阻抗后电压源（VSBI）”特性来描述系统强度。同样，电网形成（GFM）IBR预计通过在（亚）暂态时间框架内展现近乎恒定的VSBI特性来贡献电压刚度。为量化VSBI特性作为系统强度或电网形成能力的度量，本文提出源自频域雅可比矩阵的雅可比电压刚度指标（JVSM）。JVSM可衡量小信号电压幅值和相角刚度。它被证明可作为评估GFM IBR的VSBI特性的合规标准。用于电网强度评估时，它比现有强度指标更有效地识别小信号稳定性问题。通过使用落基山国家实验室（NLR，原NREL）和WECC批准的行业标准GFM IBR模型以及修改后的IEEE 39节点系统进行电磁暂态仿真案例研究，验证了所提出的JVSM。
英文摘要
As power systems transition toward inverter-based resource (IBR)-dominated grids, traditional system strength definitions and metrics are becoming increasingly inadequate to characterize upcoming stability challenges. Emerging definitions characterize system strength in terms of "voltage source behind impedance (VSBI)" characteristics. Similarly, Grid-ForMing (GFM) IBRs are expected to contribute voltage stiffness by exhibiting near-constant VSBI characteristics in the (sub-)transient time frame. To quantify VSBI characteristics as a measure of system strength or grid-forming capability, this paper proposes the Jacobian Voltage Stiffness Metric (JVSM), derived from the frequency-domain Jacobian. JVSM provides a measure of both small-signal voltage magnitude and phase-angle stiffness. JVSM is demonstrated to serve as a compliance criterion for evaluating the VSBI characteristics of GFM IBRs. When applied for grid strength assessment, it more effectively identifies small-signal stability problems than state-of-the-art strength metrics. The proposed JVSM is validated through electromagnetic transient simulation case studies using the National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR, formerly NREL) and WECC-approved industry-standard GFM IBR models and on a modified IEEE 39-bus system.
