在超导体-铁磁体混合体中观察到巨大的非挥发性磁热开关
Observation of giant nonvolatile magneto-thermal switching in superconductor-ferromagnet hybrids
AI总结：
研究在铁磁体Fe-超导体Pb混合体中实现巨大非挥发性磁热开关，通过纯Fe颗粒分散改变热导率贡献，结合超电流捕获磁通量破坏超导性，使开关比达719%，拓宽了相关材料探索空间和策略。
摘要：
磁热开关是一种关键的热组件，可通过施加外部磁场来控制热传递。最近，由于磁通量钉扎性质，在II型和相分离的超导体中观察到零磁场下磁热导率的非挥发性行为，从而产生了一种节能的热控制技术。然而，非挥发性磁热开关比远低于传统材料中的挥发性磁热开关比。在此，我们展示了铁磁体Fe-超导体Pb混合体中的巨大非挥发性磁热开关。纯Fe颗粒的分散实现了热导率中电子贡献增加和声子贡献减少，这提高了超导-正常导电相变时的磁热开关比。此外，与超电流捕获的磁通量协同作用，Fe的铁磁矩在零磁场下破坏了Pb基体的超导性，即使含有少量Fe夹杂物也能实现显著的大非挥发性。因此，在Fe体积比为8.7%时，非挥发性磁热开关比最大达到719%，这比之前在Pb-Sn复合材料中观察到的记录值和纯Pb中的挥发性磁热开关比高出两倍多。这项工作拓宽了巨大非挥发性磁热开关材料的探索空间和策略。
英文摘要：
Magneto-thermal switch is a crucial thermal component which enables heat transfer control by the application of an external magnetic field. Recently, a nonvolatile behavior in magneto-thermal conductivity at zero magnetic field was observed in type-II and phase-separated superconductors owing to magnetic flux pinning nature, leading to an energy-efficient thermal control technology. However, the nonvolatile magneto-thermal switching ratio has been much lower than the volatile one in conventional materials. Here, we demonstrate a giant nonvolatile magneto-thermal switching in ferromagnetic Fe-superconducting Pb hybrids. The dispersion of pure Fe particles realizes increased electron and decreased phonon contributions in the thermal conductivity, which enhances the magneto-thermal switching ratio at the superconducting-to-normal conducting phase transition. Furthermore, in concert with trapped magnetic flux by supercurrent, ferromagnetic moment of Fe breaks the superconductivity of Pb matrix at zero magnetic field, enabling a significantly large nonvolatility even with a slight amount of Fe inclusions. Consequently, the nonvolatile magneto-thermal switching ratio reaches 719% in maximum at the Fe ratio of 8.7 vol%, which is more than twice the previous record value observed in Pb-Sn composites and the volatile one in pure Pb. This work broadens the exploration space and strategy for giant nonvolatile magneto-thermal switching materials.
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