AI 中文总结
研究3+1维单圈半经典杨-米尔斯理论零模，通过规范固定、引入玻色鬼场项和ζ函数正则化，计算出有限单圈有效理论，重现了单圈杨-米尔斯β函数。
AI 中文摘要
本文分析了3+1维单圈半经典杨-米尔斯理论的零模。发现零模由背景场的规范冗余产生。通过适当的规范固定，引入玻色鬼场项并使用ζ函数正则化，以封闭形式计算了有限的单圈有效理论，重现了著名的单圈杨-米尔斯β函数。
英文摘要
In this work, I analyze the zero modes of a one-loop semiclassical Yang-Mills theory in \(3+1\)d. I find that zero modes are generated by gauge redundancy of the background field. Proper gauge fixing, achieved by introducing a bosonic ghost term, together with zeta-function regularization, yields a finite one-loop effective action in closed form that reproduces the well-known one-loop Yang-Mills beta function.
