AI 中文总结
研究固态材料合成中反应温度的起源问题，提出在亚稳共晶温度以上形成瞬态液相作为快速扩散介质引发反应的方法，此原理可用于多种复杂材料合成制造。
AI 中文摘要
温度在固态材料合成中起关键作用，但目前尚无机理理论来解释或预测进行固态反应的最佳温度。传统上认为粉末前驱体之间的反应是缓慢的扩散限制过程，然而近期原位实验表明固态反应在临界起始温度以上几分钟内就能完成。本文提出证据表明在亚稳共晶温度以上会形成瞬态液相，这种非平衡液体作为快速扩散介质使前驱体混合并引发固态反应。该热力学原理与反应物结构或化学性质无关，可应用于多种复杂材料的合成与制造。
英文摘要
Temperature plays a crucial role in solid-state materials synthesis, but there is currently no mechanistic theory to explain or predict which temperature is best to conduct a solid-state reaction. Reactions between powder precursors are conventionally assumed to be slow diffusion-limited processes; however, recent in situ experiments show that solid-state reactions can complete in minutes above a critical onset temperature. Here, we present evidence that a transient liquid phase forms above the metastable eutectic temperature, and that this non-equilibrium liquid serves as a fast diffusion medium to intermix precursors and initiate a solid-state reaction. This thermodynamic principle is agnostic to the structure or chemistry of the reactants, and can be applied towards the synthesis and manufacturing of a wide range of complex materials.
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