AI 中文总结
针对量子网络实际部署中标准化性能监测的需求，提出含多种性能指标的结构化监测框架，实现实时观测等功能，通过原型系统展示可行性，讨论监测挑战，为量子网络监测及相关发展奠定基础。
AI 中文摘要
随着量子网络朝着实际部署发展，标准化性能监测变得至关重要。本文提出了一个针对量子网络的结构化监测框架，涵盖质量（如纠缠保真度、量子比特错误率、损耗、暗计数率）、吞吐量和延迟（如纠缠率、等待时间）、定时（如符合窗口、产生和符合抖动）以及外部因素（如温度、湿度、振动）等性能指标。这些测量实现实时可观测性、基准测试和控制，支持故障诊断、自适应定时和纠缠路由等用例。此外，在橡树岭国家实验室实现了与量子网络基础设施集成的非侵入式原型环境监测系统，展示了实时数据收集和警报生成的实际可行性。还讨论了实时监测的挑战以及可观测性与系统性能之间的权衡。这项工作为开发先进量子网络监测系统奠定了基础，为未来的自主控制和量子软件定义网络奠定了基础。
英文摘要
As quantum networks move toward practical deployment, standardized performance monitoring becomes essential. This article proposes a structured monitoring framework for quantum networks with performance metrics, including quality (e.g., entanglement fidelity, QBER, loss, dark count rate), throughput and latency (e.g., entanglement rate, waiting time), timing (e.g., coincidence window, production and coincidence jitter), and exogenous factors (e.g., temperature, humidity, vibrations). These measurements enable real-time observability, benchmarking, and control, supporting use cases such as fault diagnosis, adaptive timing, and entanglement routing. Additionally, we implement a non-invasive prototype environmental monitoring system integrated with the quantum network infrastructure at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, demonstrating practical feasibility of live data collection and alert generation. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges of real-time monitoring and the trade-offs between observability and system performance. This work establishes a foundation for developing advanced quantum network monitoring systems and lays the groundwork for future autonomous control and quantum software-defined networking.
