AI 中文总结
研究嵌入含各向异性压力物质中的带电黑洞，通过扩展连分数方法结合自动微分技术研究其准正则模，发现周围物质影响黑洞性质，所开发框架为研究非真空时空准正则模提供工具。
AI 中文摘要
在现实环境中，黑洞预计嵌入天体物理环境中。这些环境，包括可能的暗物质分布，会改变黑洞的可观测性质并在其准正则模谱上留下印记。在这项工作中，我们将环境建模为具有各向异性压力的物质，并考虑嵌入其中的带电黑洞。所得时空由基谢廖夫度规描述。我们首先分析其视界结构。然后研究在这个背景上传播的无质量带电标量场的准正则模。为此，我们对利弗的连分数方法进行了重要扩展以纳入周围物质的影响，并将此框架与自动微分技术相结合。我们还将结果与通过六阶温策尔 - 克拉默斯 - 布里渊近似得到的结果进行比较。我们发现周围物质改变了振荡频率和阻尼率并导致出现长寿命模式。我们还识别出谱中的避免交叉区域和模式重组。我们的结果证明了在对现实黑洞建模时纳入周围物质的重要性。我们在此开发的数值框架为研究非真空时空中的准正则模提供了一个工具，并且可以扩展到嵌入物质场中的广泛类别的黑洞几何结构。
英文摘要
In realistic settings, black holes are expected to be embedded in astrophysical environments. These environments, including possible dark matter distributions, can modify observable properties of black holes and leave imprints on their quasinormal mode spectra. In this work, we model the environment as matter with anisotropic pressure, and we consider a charged black hole embedded in it. The resulting spacetime is described by the Kiselev metric. We first analyze its horizon structure. We then investigate the quasinormal modes of a massless charged scalar field propagating on this background. For this purpose, we develop a nontrivial extension of Leaver's continued fraction method to incorporate the effects of the surrounding matter, and we combine this framework with automatic differentiation techniques. We also compare our results to those obtained with the sixth-order Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation. We find that the surrounding matter modifies the oscillation frequencies and damping rates and leads to the appearance of long-lived modes. We also identify avoided crossings regions and reorganization of the modes in the spectra. Our results demonstrate the importance of incorporating surrounding matter when modeling realistic black holes. The numerical framework we developed here provides a tool for studying quasinormal modes in non-vacuum spacetimes and can be extended to a broad class of black-hole geometries embedded in matter fields.
Comments34 pages, 14 figures
