AI 中文总结
研究Geminga和Monogem周围TeV晕，构建两区扩散模型，用GALPROP v57模拟粒子传播，校准测量数据，通过CTAO响应函数前向折叠模型，贡献是能高显著性探测晕，区分相关参数变化。
AI 中文摘要
Geminga和Monogem周围的TeV晕揭示了中年脉冲星附近扩散强烈抑制的区域。确定这些慢扩散区的大小和磁场强度对轻子输运建模及评估其对局部正电子过剩的贡献很重要。切伦科夫望远镜阵列天文台（CTAO）将提供扩展伽马射线发射的弧分尺度成像。我们用GALPROP v57为Geminga和Monogem构建两区扩散模型……
英文摘要
TeV halos around Geminga and Monogem (B0656+14) reveal regions of strongly suppressed diffusion near middle-aged pulsars. Determining the sizes and magnetic-field strengths of these slow-diffusion zones is important for modelling lepton transport and assessing their contribution to the local positron excess. The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) will provide arcminute-scale imaging of extended gamma-ray emission. We construct two-zone diffusion models for Geminga and Monogem with GALPROP v57, injecting electrons and positrons according to the pulsar spin-down history and following their propagation through an evolving slow-diffusion bubble and the ambient interstellar medium. Calibrating to HAWC and Fermi-LAT measurements, we forward-fold the models through official CTAO instrument response functions, including realistic diffuse and instrumental backgrounds. For 50 h observations, both halos are detected with high significance ($\sim 13$--$30,σ$) from either site. Under optimistic background assumptions, CTAO can distinguish changes of $Δγ_1 \simeq 0.2$ in the high-energy injection index and $ΔB \simeq 2,μ{\rm G}$ in magnetic-field strength. For Monogem, compact bubbles with $R_{\rm SDZ}\approx30,{\rm pc}$ can be distinguished from extended ($\gtrsim50,{\rm pc}$) cases, although very large bubbles remain degenerate because of the finite field of view. Using an alternative Galactic diffuse template in the fit changes detection significances and parameter sensitivities by $\lesssim10%$, indicating robustness against plausible diffuse-background mismodelling.
