AI 中文总结
探讨广义伽利略极限中光速 c 的变化，通过允许世界体积为欧几里得，使 p 膜伽利略极限变为卡罗尔极限，统一了伽利略和卡罗尔极限方法，还研究了其后果及相关代数和粒子行动。
AI 中文摘要
在广义（即 p 膜伽利略极限）中，光速 c 在横向于(p + 1)维洛伦兹世界体积方向变为无穷大。本文解释了允许世界体积为欧几里得从而时间为横向时，p 膜伽利略极限变为卡罗尔极限（欧几里得 p 膜卡罗尔极限），c 在 p + 1 世界体积方向趋于零。这导致了统一的伽利略和卡罗尔极限方法，我们对 p = 0 的情况进行了探索。我们表明，从欧几里得 0 膜卡罗尔极限产生的时空对称性可以中心扩展为我们所称的爱丽丝代数，类似于巴格曼代数对伽利略对称性的中心扩展。这产生了爱丽丝粒子的新概念，并且我们从相对论性有质量粒子或快子与一形式规范势适当耦合的作用的统一极限中获得了巴格曼和爱丽丝粒子的作用。在存在宇宙学常数的情况下，我们发现巴格曼和爱丽丝粒子分别在负和正宇宙学常数下经历稳定运动。最后，我们表明巴格曼和爱丽丝粒子的作用可以从具有一次和两次时间的相对论时空中无质量粒子作用的零约化中获得。我们的结果表明，在 10 维中，爱丽丝粒子是赫尔 IIA*理论中 D0* - 膜的解耦极限，类似于巴格曼粒子与 IIA 弦理论中 D0 - 膜的关系。
英文摘要
In generalized, also known as $p$-brane Galilei limits, the speed of light $c$ becomes infinite in the directions transverse to a $(p+1)$-dimensional Lorentzian worldvolume. In this paper, we explain that allowing the worldvolume to be Euclidean, and thus time to be transversal, $p$-brane Galilei limits turn into Carrollian ones, that we refer to as "Euclidean $p$-brane Carroll limits", in which $c$ goes to zero in the $p+1$ worldvolume directions. This leads to a unified approach to taking Galilean and Carrollian limits, whose consequences we explore for $p=0$. We show that the spacetime symmetries that arise from the Euclidean 0-brane Carroll limit can be centrally extended to what we will call the Alice algebra, similar to how the Bargmann algebra centrally extends the Galilei symmetries. This gives rise to the novel notion of an Alice particle, and we obtain the Bargmann and Alice particle actions from a unified limit of the action of a relativistic massive particle or tachyon, suitably coupled to a one-form gauge potential. In the presence of a cosmological constant, we find that the Bargmann and Alice particles undergo stable motion for negative and positive cosmological constant, respectively. Finally, we show that the Bargmann and Alice particle actions can be obtained from null reduction of a massless particle action in a relativistic spacetime with one and two times. Our results indicate that in 10 dimensions, the Alice particle is a decoupling limit of a D$0{}^*$-brane in Hull's type IIA${}^*$ theory, similar to how the Bargmann particle is related to a D$0$-brane in type IIA string theory.
Comments32 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added
