在超高协同性光学腔中控制原子阵列
Controlling Atom Array in an Ultra-high-cooperativity Optical Cavity
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究将中性原子阵列与光学腔结合，通过两步镜面制造法实现集成平台，其单原子协同性高、模式体积大且能灵活操控单个原子，为量子态读出和长程纠缠工程带来机遇。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
中性原子阵列与腔量子电动力学为量子科学提供互补优势。将它们结合具有挑战性，本文实现了与毫米级法布里 - 珀罗腔集成的原子阵列，单原子协同性达\(\eta_{\mathrm{cav}} = 125 \pm 13\)，验证了强耦合，展示了多原子耦合，关键是两步镜面制造法。
英文摘要
Neutral-atom array and cavity quantum electrodynamics offer complementary strengths for quantum science: scalable, reconfigurable qubit architectures and strong coherent light-matter coupling. Combining them in a single platform requires an optical cavity with simultaneously high cooperativity, sufficient mode volume to accommodate atom array, and ample side optical access for atom trapping, imaging, cooling, and rearrangement, a combination that is challenging to achieve. Here we realize an atomic array integrated with a millimeter-scale Fabry--Pérot cavity whose optically-characterized single-atom cooperativity reaches $η_{\mathrm{cav}}=125\pm13$. Atom-cavity transmission spectra of trapped atoms yield an effective spectroscopic cooperativity $η_{\mathrm{spec}}=106\pm 3$, providing an in-situ verification of strong coupling in the integrated platform. In this integrated system, we achieve a state-measurement fidelity of $99.925^{+15}_{-18}\%$ for a single atom with a 4-$μ$s readout time. We also demonstrate simultaneous coupling of up to 21 individually trapped atoms to the antinode of the cavity mode. The key technical advance is a two-step mirror-fabrication method combining precision mechanical shaping and carbon-dioxide laser polishing, which produces concave fused-silica mirrors with sub-millimeter radii of curvature and residual roughness below $2~Å$. Our results establish a regime of cavity-integrated atomic array that simultaneously provides high cooperativity, large mode volume, and flexible manipulation of individual atoms, opening opportunities for cavity-assisted quantum state readout and long-range entanglement-engineering in atom-array platforms.
发表机构
- Tsinghua University（清华大学）
- Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area（粤港澳大湾区量子科学中心）
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences（北京量子信息科学研究院）
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