arXiv 2607.034892026-07-07astro-ph.GA

利用VVVX深度叠加成像在隐匿带发现一个低表面亮度星系

Discovery of a low surface brightness galaxy in the Zone of Avoidance using VVVX Deepstack imaging

Universidad de La Serena（拉塞雷纳大学）；Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental, (IATE-CONICET)（理论与实验天文学研究所 (IATE-CONICET)）；Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba（科尔多瓦天文台，科尔多瓦国立大学）；Instituto de Astrofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello（安德烈斯·贝略大学精确科学学院天体物理研究所）；Vatican Observatory（梵蒂冈天文台）；Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile（智利天主教 Pontificia 大学）；Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, CTIO/AURA Inc.（塞罗·托洛洛美洲际天文台，CTIO/AURA 公司）

J. L. Nilo-Castellón, L. Baravalle, D. Minniti, M. V. Alonso, G. Galaz, C. Villalon, R. Hinojosa, E. O Schmidt, C. Valotto, M. Soto, E. G. Rivera, V. Valdivia-R… 展开作者

J. L. Nilo-Castellón, L. Baravalle, D. Minniti, M. V. Alonso, G. Galaz, C. Villalon, R. Hinojosa, E. O Schmidt, C. Valotto, M. Soto, E. G. Rivera, V. Valdivia-Rojas, D. Alvarez-Rocha, P. Marchant Cortés, N. J. G. Cross

备注：: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters. This version includes the final minor revisions requested during the peer-review process

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AI总结：

通过VVVX深度叠加成像在隐匿带发现低表面亮度星系候选体VVVX J080705.96-273823.6，用SExtractor等获取形态光度参数，推导结构属性，该发现有助于普查隐匿的近邻宇宙。

摘要：

我们报告发现了VVVX J080705.96-273823.6，这是在隐匿带中通过VISTA银道面扩展巡天（VVVX）识别出的首个低表面亮度星系候选体。该源是在对新的深度叠加图像进行目视检查时偶然发现的，这些图像是通过更新的再处理和叠加程序生成的镶嵌图，显著提高了原始巡天图像的深度和空间均匀性。使用SExtractor以及用PSFEx导出的PSF模型获得了一阶形态光度参数，并应用于减去恒星的图像以最小化前景污染。通过对J、H和Ks波段方位平均表面亮度轮廓进行PSF卷积建模，使用指数、Sersic和复合模型推导了结构属性。该星系候选体在所有三个近红外波段都能清晰检测到。轮廓一致地由指数盘描述，尺度长度为32-36弧秒，消光校正后的中心表面亮度为19.82-22.35 mag arcsec^-2。J波段提供了约束最好的轮廓，而H和Ks波段表现出相同的行为，但不确定性更大。与ESO 494-25和ESO 494-26的投影距离表明可能存在物理关联。如果位于相同距离（11-12 Mpc），指数尺度长度约为1.8-2.0 kpc，与附近的低表面亮度盘星系一致，尽管缺乏光谱红移无法确认。这一发现表明，新的VVVX深度叠加产品可以揭示低银纬处的暗弱弥散星系，为更全面地普查隐匿的近邻宇宙开辟了一条道路。

英文摘要：

We report the discovery of VVVX J080705.96-273823.6, the first low-surface-brightness galaxy candidate identified in the Zone of Avoidance by the VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea eXtended Survey (VVVX). The source was detected serendipitously during a visual inspection of the new Deepstack images, reconstructed mosaics generated through an updated reprocessing and stacking procedure that significantly improves the depth and spatial uniformity of the original survey images. First-order morpho-photometric parameters were obtained using SExtractor together with PSF models derived with PSFEx, applied to star-subtracted images to minimize foreground contamination. Structural properties were derived from PSF-convolved modeling of azimuthally averaged surface-brightness profiles in the J, H, and Ks bands using exponential, Sersic, and composite models. The galaxy candidate is clearly detected in all three near-infrared bands. The profiles are consistently described by an exponential disk, with scale lengths of 32-36 arcsec and extinction-corrected central surface brightnesses of 19.82-22.35 mag arcsec^-2. The J band provides the best-constrained profile, while H and Ks show the same behavior with larger uncertainties. The projected proximity to ESO 494-25 and ESO 494-26 suggests a possible physical association. If located at the same distance (11-12 Mpc), the exponential scale length would be about 1.8-2.0 kpc, consistent with nearby LSB disk galaxies, although the lack of a spectroscopic redshift prevents confirmation. This discovery demonstrates that the new VVVX Deepstack products can reveal faint diffuse galaxies at low Galactic latitudes, opening a path toward a more complete census of the obscured nearby Universe.

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