生成、持续时间与演化的块状宇宙
Becoming, Duration, and the Evolving Block Universe
AI总结：
探讨生物与意识系统的定向时间与基础物理时间的关联，借助演化的块状宇宙解释物理时间方向等，指出柏格森的绵延标记了时间层次极限，将物理与生活时间差距定位在认识论层面。
摘要：
两倍时间问题询问生物和有意识系统的定向、有向时间如何与基础物理学的时间相关。演化的块状宇宙通过不可逆量子动力学沿着里奇本征线使时空增长，解释了物理时间的方向及其多尺度出现直至脑时间。它没有解释这种物理时间如何与时间流逝的体验相关。我们认为，柏格森的绵延，即生活时间的连续质性体验，标志着超出脑时间的第一人称层面，在这个层面上这个层次结构达到了极限。这将物理时间和生活时间之间的剩余差距定位在认识论层面。
英文摘要：
The two-times problem asks how the directed, oriented time of biological and conscious systems relates to the time of fundamental physics. The Evolving Block Universe, in which spacetime grows through an irreversible quantum dynamics along physically preferred worldlines, accounts for the direction of physical time and for its emergence across scales up to the time kept by the brain. It leaves open the relation between this physical time and the experience of passage. We argue that Bergson's durée, the continuous qualitative experience of lived time, names this residue and marks the first-person level at which the physical hierarchy reaches its limit. On this reading the two accounts divide the problem between them: the Evolving Block Universe describes its structural, third-person half, and durée its experiential, first-person half. The remaining gap between the two halves is explanatory. It is an instance of the familiar gap between the physical description of a system and the character of its states as they are lived, and it is compatible with physicalism.
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