AI 中文总结
研究针对智能合约执行瓶颈，设计Remora横向扩展智能合约执行引擎，采用高效非对称架构等，实现高吞吐量、低延迟及适应突发工作负载，主要得益于新的执行分离和调度方案。
AI 中文摘要
现代区块链将共识与执行解耦，执行层成瓶颈。单节点验证器难应对，需横向扩展设计。我们设计了Remora，采用高效非对称架构及严格所有权模型的对象版本控制方案，实现确定性横向扩展执行，相比现有方案吞吐量提高3倍，可扩展至250k TPS，降低延迟，还能适应突发工作负载。
英文摘要
Modern blockchains rely on a modular architecture that decouples consensus from execution. Recent advances in consensus algorithms have shifted the bottleneck to the execution layer, which must deterministically follow the consensus order and handle increasingly complex, compute-intensive smart contracts. We identify that single-node validators cannot keep up, motivating the need for a scale-out design. We design Remora, a scale-out smart contract execution engine. Remora adopts an efficient asymmetric architecture with centralized transaction dispatching and distributed execution, and depends on an object versioning scheme with a strict ownership model to guarantee deterministic scale-out execution. Remora achieves up to 3x throughput improvement compared to state-of-the-art deterministic execution schemes, scales up to 250k TPS, matching modern consensus performance, and reduces latency by up to 5ms. We also show that Remora elastically adapts to bursty workloads and dynamic access patterns using real-world traces. Remora's main performance benefits come from a novel stateless-stateful separation during smart contract execution, which overlaps the execution of state-independent tasks with consensus, and a new locality-aware and load-balanced scheduling scheme.
