AI 中文总结
研究厘米级活跃游动者与电磁驱动准二维细胞流的双向耦合，通过拉格朗日诊断表征耦合动力学。发现游动者负载和背景强迫变化时，耦合作用不同，双向耦合能抑制颗粒聚集并使流动稳定呈现非单调性。
AI 中文摘要
我们通过实验研究了一群厘米级活跃游动者（卤虫）与电磁驱动的准二维细胞流之间的双向耦合。独立改变游动者负载N和背景强迫E，跨越85种条件，并通过基于流动的吸引拉格朗日相干结构（LCS）构建的拉格朗日诊断来表征耦合动力学。
英文摘要
We experimentally study the two-way coupling between a swarm of centimetre-scale active swimmers (Artemia salina) and an electromagnetically driven quasi-two-dimensional cellular flow. The swimmer loading $N$ and the background forcing $E$ are varied independently across 85 conditions, and the coupled dynamics are characterized through Lagrangian diagnostics built on the attracting Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) of the flow. In the dilute limit, swimmers accumulate onto the attracting LCS most strongly when their speed is comparable to the flow speed, recovering the mobility-selective accumulation predicted by one-way-coupled simulations at the fixed aspect ratio of A. salina. As the loading increases, this accumulation is progressively suppressed, a collective effect inaccessible to single-swimmer models. The back-action of the swarm on the flow is itself bidirectional and regime-dependent: at low forcing the swarm disorders the attracting-LCS web and scatters the topological critical points of the cellular pattern, whereas at high forcing it reorganizes and reinforces the skeleton. The temporal stability of the skeleton is correspondingly non-monotonic in both $N$ and $E$, with the conditions of maximal stability migrating systematically through the $(N,E)$ plane. This reinforcement of coherent structures has no counterpart in prior simulations, which reported a predominantly disruptive back-action. Resolving both directions of the coupling shows how collective activity can either erode or reinforce the transport skeleton of a structured flow.
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