HAPS中圆柱形mMIMO阵列的三维空间相关建模
Three-Dimensional Spatial Correlation Modeling for Cylindrical mMIMO Arrays in HAPS
AI总结：
针对HAPS平台圆柱形天线阵列，提出基于球谐展开的三维MIMO信道空间相关函数闭式表达式，支持任意天线方向图和角度分布。
摘要：
高空平台站(HAPS)被视为未来无线网络的关键组成部分，能够实现超广覆盖并为用户提供圆柱形大规模多输入多输出(mMIMO)系统的直接连接。利用信道自由度需要在存在空间相关函数(SCF)的情况下精确建模和表征三维(3D)信道。然而，现有的空间相关模型主要针对平面或线性天线阵列开发，无法直接应用于HAPS平台常用的圆柱形几何结构。为解决这一限制，本文推导了天线单元排列在圆柱阵列中的3D MIMO信道SCF的精确闭式表达式。所提出的公式基于平面波的球谐展开(SHE)，并通过功率方位角和仰角谱的傅里叶级数(FS)系数适应任意天线辐射模式和角度分布。所推导的SCF通过标准兼容设置下的蒙特卡洛模拟进行了验证。
英文摘要：
High-altitude platform stations (HAPS) are envisioned as a key component of future wireless networks, enabling ultra-wide coverage and providing direct connectivity to users with cylindrical massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) systems. Exploiting the channel degrees of freedom necessitates accurate modeling and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) channels in the presence of spatial correlation functions (SCFs). However, existing spatial correlation models are primarily developed for planar or linear antenna arrays and cannot be directly applied to cylindrical geometries commonly adopted by HAPS platforms. To address this limitation, this paper derives an exact closed-form expression for the SCF of 3D MIMO channels with antenna elements arranged in a cylindrical array. The proposed formulation is based on the spherical harmonic expansion (SHE) of plane waves and accommodates arbitrary antenna radiation patterns and angular distributions through the Fourier series (FS) coefficients of the power azimuth and zenith spectra. The derived SCF is validated through Monte Carlo simulations under standard-compliant settings.
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