AI 中文总结
提出一种空中签名认证接口，利用点-体素交叉注意力网络（PV-Net）建模3D轨迹的局部运动与全局结构，在公开和自建数据集上实现低错误率，支持沉浸式环境中的自然交互认证。
AI 中文摘要
虚拟现实和增强现实（VR/AR）等沉浸式技术的重大进步及其与现代生活各个方面的融合，需要安全、直观且与具身交互兼容的认证接口。传统方法（如密码、PIN码和基于设备的登录）会打破沉浸感并依赖外部硬件。最近的3D特定行为方法（如基于手势、眼动追踪和脑电图的方法）提供了有希望的替代方案，但通常需要专用传感器或限制自然运动，限制了在动态环境中的可用性。我们提出“空中签名解锁”，一种空中签名接口，使用户能够通过在3D空间中自然签名（一种熟悉、个性化且可重复的手势）进行认证。为实现该接口，我们设计了一个点-体素交叉注意力网络（PV-Net），从3D轨迹中联合建模局部运动动态和全局空间结构。该模型在两个数据集上进行了评估：公开的DeepAirSig数据集（40名用户的1800个签名）和ImmAirsig，一个使用Meta Quest 2在沉浸式VR中收集的新数据集（22名用户的880个样本）。PV-Net在DeepAirSig上实现了2.5%的等错误率，在ImmAirSig上实现了76%的分类准确率。这些发现凸显了3D行为接口在沉浸式环境中实现无缝、以用户为中心的认证（将安全性与自然交互融合）的潜力。
英文摘要
Significant advancement of immersive technologies such as Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR) and their integration into diverse aspects of modern life need authentication interfaces that are secure, intuitive, and compatible with embodied interaction. Traditional methods such as passwords, PINs, and device-based logins, break immersion and rely on external hardware. Recent 3D-specific behavioral approaches, such as hand-gesture, eye-tracking, and electroencephalography (EEG)-based methods, offer promising alternatives but often require specialized sensors or constrain natural movement, limiting usability in dynamic environments. We present Sign in the Air to Unlock, an in-air signature interface that enables users to authenticate by signing naturally in 3D space which is a familiar, personal, and reproducible gesture. To realize this interface, we design a point-voxel Cross-Attention Network (PV-Net) that jointly models local motion dynamics and global spatial structure from 3D trajectories. The model is evaluated on two datasets: the public DeepAirSig dataset (1,800 signatures from 40 users) and ImmAirsig, a new dataset collected using Meta Quest 2 in immersive VR (880 samples from 22 users). PV-Net achieves an Equal Error Rate of 2.5% on DeepAirSig and 76% classification accuracy on ImmAirSig. These findings highlight the potential of 3D behavioral interfaces for seamless, user-centric authentication that merges security with natural interaction in immersive environments.
CommentsChanged the 2nd co-author name from FRank Sicongchen to Frank Sicong chen
