AI 中文总结
本文对非对称光散射进行量子分析，研究由两个相同原子组成的系统（其中一个被非相干泵浦）在入射光照射下的散射方向性，发现不对称性取决于泵浦速率、原子间距和探针失谐，并揭示了经典方法未预测的非互易性。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了由两个相同原子组成的二元系统对光的散射，其中一个原子被非相干泵浦。该系统属于非宇称对称光学系统的一种，其中增益和损耗部分补偿。当入射光垂直或平行于原子间轴照射系统时，我们对原子散射辐射的方向性进行了完全的量子分析。我们发现，通常，虽然不对称程度取决于泵浦速率，但发射的优先方向取决于原子间距和探针场相对于共振频率的失谐。从物理上讲，对于正面照明，不对称性是由不同原子发射的光子干涉的结果。相反，对于侧面照明，相对于入射侧的不对称性是由照射每个原子的探针场光子之间的相位差以及不同原子发射的光子之间的干涉共同引起的。此外，对于侧面照明，我们的量子方法也表明前向散射功率取决于入射侧，这揭示了系统量子光学响应中缺乏互易性。这一结果与经典方法得到的结果相矛盾。
英文摘要
We study the scattering of light by a binary system of identical atoms in which one of them is incoherently pumped. This system belongs to the kind of non-parity symmetric optical systems in which gains and losses are partially compensated. We carry out a fully quantum analysis of the directionality of the radiation scattered from the atoms when the incident light strikes the system either perpendicular or alongside the interatomic axis. By resolving the emitted field in space, the microscopic mechanisms associated with photon exchange, interference, and reciprocity become directly identifiable. We find that, generally, while the degree of asymmetry depends on the pump rate, the preferred direction for emission depends on the interatomic distance and the detuning of the probe field with respect to the resonant frequency. On physical grounds, for the case of frontal illumination, the asymmetry is the result of the interference of the photons emitted from different atoms. On the contrary, for side lighting, the asymmetry with respect to the side of incidence is caused by both the phase difference between the probe field photons that strike each atom and the interference between the photons emitted from different atoms. Further, for side lighting too, our quantum approach demonstrates that the forward scattered power depends on the side of incidence, which reveals the lack of reciprocity in the quantum optical response of the system. This result conflicts with what is obtained within a classical approach.
Comments31 pages, 11 figures, 3 appendices
